热带旅行:对肠道微生物群的影响
T Mlangeni1, C Jian2, H K Häkkinen1
1Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
去低收入和中等收入国家旅行显著改变了肠道微生物群,增加了Escherichia/Shigella. 以前存在的Ruminococcaceae和Coprococcus水平影响了引起腹的大肠杆菌的获取,但没有发现保护性微生物群签名.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 前往低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的旅行者面临新型肠道微生物的暴露,包括腹病原体和多药耐药 (MDR) 细菌,如扩展谱β-乳糖酶产生肠道细菌 (ESBL-PE).
- 这种暴露经常导致旅行者腹 (TD) 和/或ESBL-PE的殖民,需要了解相关的肠道微生物群变化.
研究的目的:
- 研究LMIC旅行,旅行者腹和ESBL-PE或腹病原体对肠道微生物群组成的殖民的影响.
- 识别与对TD和MDR细菌的敏感性或抵抗性相关的潜在旅行前微生物标记物.
主要方法:
- 分析了前往西非贝宁的92名参与者的旅行前后便样本.
- 利用定量聚合酶连锁反应 (qPCR) 检测腹病原体和16S rRNA基因测序来分析肠道微生物群.
主要成果:
- 旅行显著降低了肠道微生物群的丰富性和α-多样性,而Escherichia/Shigella增加了40倍.
- 腹性大肠杆菌 (DEC) 在旅行后89%的参与者中被检测到. 参与者在旅行前具有较高的Ruminococcaceae和Coprococcus spp. 获得了更加多样化的DEC病变型.
- 没有任何特定的旅行前微生物群签名与TD或ESBL-PE收购有明确联系.
结论:
- 旅行到LMICs对肠道微生物群产生了深远的影响,增加了某些种类的丰富性.
- 虽然Ruminococcaceae和Coprococcus等特定的肠道细菌可能会影响引起腹的大肠杆菌的获取,但没有发现旅行前的微生物特征对TD或MDR细菌有保护作用.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明肠道微生物群,旅行和病原体获取之间的复杂相互作用.
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