微卫星稳定结直肠癌的免疫疗法:克服耐药性的策略
1Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.
Critical reviews in oncology/hematology
|May 23, 2025
概括
微卫星稳定的结肠直肠癌 (MSS CRC) 对当前的免疫疗法具有抗性. 新兴的策略旨在通过调节瘤微环境 (TME) 和增强免疫反应以获得更好的患者结果来克服这一问题.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 癌症治疗方法 癌症治疗方法
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 是全球癌症死亡的主要原因.
- 微卫星稳定 (MSS) CRC是最常见的亚型,对免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的反应有限.
- 在MSS CRC中,免疫抑制性瘤微环境 (TME) 阻碍了有效的抗瘤免疫力.
研究的目的:
- 审查新兴的治疗策略,以克服MSSCRC中对ICI的抵抗力.
- 突出重编程TME和增强MSS CRC中的免疫反应的新方法.
主要方法:
- 涉及ICI的组合疗法与化疗,抗血管原剂或途径抑制剂 (例如TGF-β,VEGF).
- 新型免疫调节平台包括表观遗传修饰剂,瘤病毒和工程益生菌疫苗.
- 采用细胞疗法 (例如,CAR T细胞) 和向瘤抗原的癌症疫苗的进展.
主要成果:
- 早期的组合疗法在增强抗原呈现和T细胞透方面表现有前途.
- 新的平台旨在重新编程TME并提高治疗效率.
- 目前正在探索生物标志物开发和微生物群干预措施,以个性化和加强ICI反应.
结论:
- 新兴的策略和组合治疗为MSS CRC中更有效的免疫疗法提供了潜力.
- 重编程TME,增强免疫细胞活动,利用预测生物标志物是改善患者治疗结果的关键.
- 未来的干预措施旨在为更广泛的MSSCRC患者提供持续的临床益处.
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