相关实验视频
Updated: Sep 20, 2025
07:02
Assessment of Chemical Toxicity in Adult Drosophila Melanogaster
Published on: March 24, 2023
3.6K
使用NAMs对重复剂量毒性进行化学品分类的框架
J E Doe1, P Botham2, D Holland3
1School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
Archives of toxicology
|May 24, 2025
概括
一个新的分类系统使用非动物方法对化学毒性进行分类,评估生物活性和生物可用性. 这一框架有助于将化学品分为低,中或高关注级别,以确保更安全的使用.
科学领域:
- 毒理学和化学安全
- 在和体外毒理学中.
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 美国环保局的"NAM Designathon 2023"旨在开发一种使用非动物方法的化学品分类系统.
- 现有的系统往往依赖于动物试验,需要替代方法来评估人类的毒性.
- 整合多个证据线的分层方法对于稳健的化学安全评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和展示基于新方法方法 (NAMs) 的人类系统性毒性分类系统,重点关注重复剂量毒性.
- 根据生物活性和生物可用性,将化学品分为三个关注级别:低,中,高.
- 将 in silico 预测,体外生物可用性和生理基动力学 (PBK) 建模以及体外生物活性测试整合到一个连贯的框架中.
主要方法:
- 使用in silico (Q) SAR模型预测毒性终点和识别潜在危险.
- 采用了三种毒动力学 (TK) 模型来模拟14天的血Cmax以评估生物可用性.
- 使用基于强度 (AC50值) 和ToxCast.的体外检测结果严重性的矩阵对生物活性进行分类.
主要成果:
- 成功地应用了开发的框架,将12种化学品分为三个关注级别 (低,中,高).
- 证明了使用将生物活性和生物可用性纳入化学分类的矩阵方法的可行性.
- 这些结果符合EPAA设计马拉松的目标,即建立基于NAMs的毒性分类系统.
结论:
- 拟议的基于NAMs的分类系统有效地将化学品分类为不同级别的人类系统毒性关注.
- 关于测试范围,框架分类定义以及整合到分层评估策略中,需要进一步细化.
- 该研究强调了NAMs在支持监管决策和减少对动物试验的依赖方面的潜力.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:26Toxic Reactions: Overview
1.2K
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
1.2K
01:25Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
1.4K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.4K
01:36Types of Toxins
2.0K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
2.0K
01:25Drug Regulation
1.9K
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
1.9K