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相关概念视频

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

62.4K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

41.3K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
41.3K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.2K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.2K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

118.1K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
118.1K
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.4K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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在不可还原的固体电解质中介导离子

Victor Landgraf1, Mengfu Tu1, Wenxuan Zhao1

  • 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 26, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员通过将化溶解为Li2S开发了新的不可减少的固体电解质Li2+xS1-xNx. 这些电解质具有高离子导电性,防止新一代阳极固态电池的性能损失.

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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科学领域:

  • 材料科学
  • 电化学
  • 固态化学

背景情况:

  • 固态电池提供比离子电池更高的能量密度,特别是金属或等先进的阳极.
  • 当前的固体电解质通常在这些阳极所需的低电压下分解,导致损失和电阻增加.
  • 在低工作电压下开发热力学稳定的电解质对于防止性能降低至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 发现和描述一种新的不可还原的固体电解质.
  • 研究这些新材料增强的离子导电性背后的机制.
  • 为理解无序离子导体提供理论框架.

主要方法:

  • 通过将化溶解成Li2S抗结构进行机械化学合成.
  • 结晶Li2+xS1-xNx相的合成
  • 使用阻抗光谱测量离子导电性.
  • 第一个原理密度函数理论 (DFT) 的计算.
  • 使用环境特定的激活能量进行透分析.

主要成果:

  • 在室温下发现具有高导电性晶体Li2+xS1-xNx相,导电性>0.2 mS cm-1.
  • 证明 Li2+xS1-xNx 中的离子子子网干扰与 Li2S 相比增加了 10^5 的离子导电性.
  • 开发一个理论框架来解释无序离子导体的导电性增强.
  • 合理化增加含量如何提高导电性并降低激活能量.

结论:

  • 新的Li2+xS1-xNx固体电解质在低阳极工作电压下稳定,防止分解.
  • 这些发现为了解和设计先进的无序固体电解质提供了途径.
  • 这项工作解决了固态电池性能,特别是阳极侧稳定性的关键问题.