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儿童中耳炎引起的听力损失的全球负担和患病率:32年研究

Yuchen Jin¹, Lingkang Dong¹, Yumeng Jiang¹

¹Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

|May 26, 2025

概括

由于中耳炎 (OM) 的儿童听力损失在全球范围内增加,特别是在南亚和中低SDI地区. 预防措施和改善医疗保健对于减少公共卫生负担至关重要.

科学领域:

儿科公共卫生儿科公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
耳鼻喉科耳鼻喉科耳鼻喉科

背景情况:

儿童听力损失是一个重要的公共卫生问题,中耳炎 (OM) 是主要的贡献者.
这项研究调查了OM引起的儿童听力损失的全球流行和负担.

研究的目的:

在全球范围内全面评估中耳炎引起的儿童听力损失的流行和负担.
分析32年来OM引起的听力损失的趋势和区域差异.

主要方法:

利用了来自全球疾病负担 (GBD) 数据库 (1990-2021) 的数据.
评估年龄标准化流行率 (ASPR),年龄标准化残疾年 (ASYR) 和估计年度百分比变化 (EAPC).
包括分层,相关性分析和全面评估的预测.

主要成果:

在15岁以下的儿童中,OM引起的听力损失的全球患病率从1990年至2021年增加了11.32% (31.18M至34.71M病例).
ASPR略有下降 (-0.13%EAPC),但男孩和5-9岁儿童的患病率更高.
低中等SDI地区的ASPR高1.81倍,病例比高SDI地区多6.08倍;南亚的ASPR最高.

结论:

尽管全球情况有所改善,但在南亚和中低SDI地区仍然存在大量的OM引起的听力损失负担,这可能是由于医疗保健资源的限制.
推进肺炎球菌疫苗接种和其他预防策略对于减轻这种健康问题至关重要.
针对高负担地区和特定的人口结构需要有针对性的干预措施.

关键词:

全球疾病负担全球疾病负担听力损失听力损失中耳炎是指中耳炎.流行程度流行程度

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