在医疗保健中应用人工智能的伦理和社会考虑 - - 一个双方向的范围审查
Emanuele Ratti1, Michael Morrison2,3, Ivett Jakab4
1Department of Philosophy, Cotham House University of Bristol, Bristol, BS6 6JL, UK.
BMC medical ethics
|May 26, 2025
概括
医疗保健中的人工智能 (AI) 提出了独特的伦理挑战. 一般原则不足以解决细微的问题,因为人工智能应用在现实世界的临床环境中变得越来越普遍.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健道德 医疗保健道德
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 技术对社会的影响 技术对社会的影响
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地融入医疗保健,从初级保健到公共卫生.
- 先进的人工智能,包括机器学习和生成的人工智能,在基础数据处理之外引入了新的伦理和社会考虑.
- 负责任的人工智能开发和部署需要仔细检查其道德和社会影响.
研究的目的:
- 对与医疗保健中的人工智能相关的伦理和社会问题进行范围审查.
- 分析人工智能伦理学文献中最近的发展和长期的主题.
- 为医学的AI伦理学的不断变化的景观提供全面的概述.
主要方法:
- 采用了双方向的范围审查方法.
- SR1:关于人工智能在医疗保健中的伦理学最新文献 (2021-2023) 的广泛综述.
- SR2:对先前的系统和范围审查 (2014-2024) 进行狭的审查,以确定持久的问题.
主要成果:
- SR1强调了与人工智能系统相关的不同受众,医疗领域和伦理主题.
- SR2提供了关于AI伦理审查概念化的见解,并确定了趋势和研究差距.
- 该审查捕捉了伦理和社会主题及其权衡的异质性.
结论:
- 人工智能伦理的一般原则越来越不足以应对特定的医疗保健环境.
- 随着人工智能从理论转向医疗保健中的实践,需要进行细微的,定位的伦理分析.
- 这项研究强调了在医学中对人工智能的特定环境伦理框架的需要.
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