大量营养素作为肠表皮透性的调节剂:我们站在哪里?
Olga Martínez-Augustin1, Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia1, Diego Ceacero-Heras1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), School of Pharmacy, Insituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los alimentos José Mataix and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
概括
肠道屏障功能对健康至关重要. 饥饿和某些饮食会影响肠道的透性,特定的营养物质如素和不可消化的寡糖类对肠道屏障完整性有有益影响.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 肠道屏障功能 (IBF) 对于维持肠道平衡和预防疾病至关重要.
- IBF和肠道透性的改变与各种肠道和全身疾病有关.
- IBF的关键组成部分包括肠上皮,紧的结节,粘液层,分泌IgA (sIgA) 和抗菌.
研究的目的:
- 通过饥饿和宏观营养素对肠道透性的调节进行审查.
- 总结当前关于饮食如何影响IBF的知识.
- 突出调节肠道透性的新机制.
主要方法:
- 关于肠道屏障功能,饥饿和宏观营养素影响的现有研究的文献综述.
- 关于肠道通透性的体外和动物模型数据的分析.
- 综合有关影响IBF的饮食成分的信息.
主要成果:
- 饥饿和蛋白质限制可以增加肠道的透性,对粘素,抗微生物和sIgA生产产生负面影响.
- 素,蛋白质衍生和谷氨酸在增强IBF方面显示出有前途.
- 饮食中的碳水化合物对透性有不同的影响;包括人乳透性 (HMO) 在内的不可消化寡糖化物 (NDO) 降低了透性,而简单糖则增加了透性.
- 高脂肪饮食通常对IBF有害.
结论:
- 大量营养素在调节肠道屏障功能和透性方面发挥着重要作用.
- 特定的饮食成分,如NDO和某些蛋白质,可能为IBF相关疾病提供治疗潜力.
- 需要进一步的临床研究来验证研究结果,并指导在治疗IBF时使用宏观营养素.
相关概念视频
Anatomy of the Intestines
87.4K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
87.4K
Standing Waves
5.4K
Sometimes waves do not seem to move; rather, they just vibrate in place. Unmoving waves can be seen on the surface of a glass of milk kept in a refrigerator, which is one example of standing waves. Vibrations from the refrigerator motor create waves on the milk that oscillate up and down but do not seem to move across the surface. These waves are formed or created by the superposition of two or more identical moving waves in opposite directions. The waves move through each other, with their...
5.4K
Modes of Standing Waves - I
4.0K
A close look at earthquakes provides evidence for the conditions appropriate for resonance, standing waves, and constructive and destructive interference. A building may vibrate for several seconds with a driving frequency matching the building's natural frequency of vibration; this produces a resonance that results in one building collapsing while the neighboring buildings do not. Often, buildings of a certain height are devastated, while other taller buildings remain intact. This...
4.0K
Modes of Standing Waves: II
1.8K
The starting point for expressing the modes of standing waves is understanding the boundary conditions that the waves must follow. The boundary conditions are derived from the physical understanding of how the standing waves are sustained, that is, how the vibrating particles of the medium behave at the boundaries imposed on them.
For a tube open at one end and closed at the other filled with air, the modes are such that there is always an antinode at the open end and a node at the closed end....
For a tube open at one end and closed at the other filled with air, the modes are such that there is always an antinode at the open end and a node at the closed end....
1.8K
Standing Waves in a Cavity
1.5K
A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
1.5K
Standing Electromagnetic Waves
2.3K
Electromagnetic waves can be reflected; the surface of a conductor or a dielectric can act as a reflector. As electric and magnetic fields obey the superposition principle, so do electromagnetic waves. The superposition of an incident wave and a reflected electromagnetic wave produces a standing wave analogous to the standing waves created on a stretched string.
Suppose a sheet of a perfect conductor is placed in the yz-plane, and a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave traveling in the...
Suppose a sheet of a perfect conductor is placed in the yz-plane, and a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave traveling in the...
2.3K


