对德国黑脚牛生长特征的基因组洞察:一个面临风险的双重用途品种
P Korkuć1, M Reißmann2, G A Brockmann2
1Humboldt University of Berlin, Albrecht Daniel Thaer- Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Animal Breeding and Molecular Genetics, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany.
概括
全基因组关联研究在危的德国黑脚牛 (DSN) 中确定了肉特征的遗传位置. 这些发现支持这种双重用途的乳制品和牛肉品种的保护和育种战略.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 畜牧养殖 畜牧养殖 畜牧养殖
背景情况:
- 德国黑脚牛 (DSN) 是一个临灭绝的双重用途品种,在历史上被认为是牛奶和肉类生产的重要品种.
- 以前的研究主要集中在DSN牛奶特征上,忽视了肉类生产特征.
- 了解肉质特征的遗传因素对于保护该品种的双重用途至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与肉质特征相关的遗传位置,特别是出生体重和体重增加,在德国黑脚牛中.
- 为了阐明DSN品种双重用途特征的遗传基础.
- 为DSN牛提供保护和基因组育种战略的基础.
主要方法:
- 全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 对669头德国黑脚公牛 (DSN) 进行.
- 用导入的全基因组测序数据来分析遗传关联.
- 在十个染色体中确定了出生体重和身体体重增加的定量特征位置 (QTL).
主要成果:
- 在10个染色体中确定了14个定量特征位置 (QTL),与出生体重,3周体重 (BW3w),7个月体重 (BW7m) 和18个月体重增加 (BWG) 相关.
- 在5号和18号染色体上发现了出生体重的显著关联;在3号和16号染色体上发现了BW3w;在3号和10号染色体上发现了BW7m;在4号和7号染色体上发现了BWG.
- 确定了参与肌肉/脂肪发育的潜在候选基因 (RERGL,LMO3,MET,CAPZA2,TLN2,MYO1F,ADAMTS10),脂质代谢 (CPT2,VPS13C) 和免疫调节 (IGSF3,KLRC1),这表明复杂的遗传机制.
结论:
- 在德国黑脚牛的不同发育阶段,不同的遗传机制会影响生长.
- 已识别的基因位置和候选基因为DSN牛的肉特征的遗传结构提供了洞察力.
- 结果支持品种特定的遗传评估,并可以为保护工作和基因组育种策略提供信息,以提高DSN牛的肉和牛奶生产.
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