产前社会经济地位和童年工作记忆的关联:结构方程建模方法
Shelley H Liu1, David Bellinger2, Kristen Dams-O'Connor3,4
1Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 28, 2025
概括
产前社会经济地位 (SES) 与童年工作记忆 (WM) 有关. 较高的产前SES与女孩的WM更好相关,但在男孩中没有,这表明性别特异性影响.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在产前发育期间的社会经济地位 (SES) 是影响儿童发育的关键因素.
- 童年工作记忆 (WM) 对于学习和解决问题的认知功能至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明SES和认知发展之间存在联系,但与WM的确切关系需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 研究产前社会经济地位 (SES) 与儿童工作记忆 (WM) 之间的关联.
- 开发一种更精确,更完整的非语言工作记忆测量方法.
- 检查产前SES和儿童WM之间的关系中的潜在性别差异.
主要方法:
- 墨西哥城的一项前性出生队列研究,涉及515名6-9岁儿童.
- 使用墨西哥市场研究和公众论机构协会 (AMAI) 指数测量产前SES.
- 使用来自多个认知任务的数据创建了一个非语言工作记忆的潜在变量.
- 结构方程模型被用来分析这些关联,控制各种人口,产前和家庭因素.
主要成果:
- 一个代表非语言工作记忆的潜在变量被成功构造,并被发现在儿童性别上是测量不变的.
- 产前SES与儿童非语言工作记忆有显著的相关性 (标准化因子负载=0.17;p=0.004).
- 这种关联因儿童的性别而受到缓解:更高的产前SES与女孩的更高的儿童WM有关 (标准化因子负载=0.26;p=0.002),但不是男孩.
结论:
- 产前社会经济地位是童年工作记忆的重要预测因素.
- 产前SES对工作记忆的影响在女孩中似乎比男孩更强.
- 这些发现凸显了早期生活环境的重要性以及认知发育中的潜在基于性别的差异.
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