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多种疾病管理:对干预措施和健康结果的全面审查
Kagiso P Seakamela1,2, Reneilwe G Mashaba2, Cairo B Ntimana1,2
1Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, Polokwane 0727, South Africa.
概括
多种疾病,多种慢性疾病的存在,需要不同的干预措施. 本综述综合了包括生活方式变化,患者参与和技术创新在内的战略,以改善管理.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 多病症,定义为两个或两个以上的慢性疾病的同时发生,是一个日益增长的全球公共卫生挑战,特别影响老龄化人口.
- 现有的多病症干预措施在策略和结果上表现出显著的变化,可能是由于基础设施,社会经济地位和生活方式等因素.
- 需要综合现有的干预方法,以有效管理和减轻多病症的影响.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,合成旨在管理和减轻多病症的干预措施.
- 探索各种方法,包括药理治疗,生活方式改变,护理协调和技术创新.
- 确定与有效的多重疾病干预相关的关键主题和子主题.
主要方法:
- 根据"系统性审查的首选报告项目和扩展范围审查的元分析 (PRISMA-ScR) 清单"进行了范围审查.
- 包括2012年至2024年间发表的研究,包括1,553,877名多病症患者.
- 最终分析包括100篇文章,确定了9个总体主题和15个子主题.
主要成果:
- 主要主题出现了,突出了对生活方式和行为干预,患者赋权和参与的需求.
- 有效的管理策略包括综合健康方法,优化药物治疗,社区和政策干预以及医疗保健系统改进.
- 技术和数字健康解决方案,以及研究和基于证据的实践,是多病症干预措施的关键组成部分.
结论:
- 多学科方法对于有效应对日益严重的多病性公共卫生挑战至关重要.
- 干预应侧重于临床,行为,技术和系统策略的组合.
- 需要进一步的研究和基于证据的实践来完善和实施全面的多病症管理计划.
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