压力骨折和过度使用伤害在儿童和青少年
1Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Orthopedic, Sports Medicine & Spine Institute, Miami, FL, USA.
概括
早期的体育专业化增加了过度使用伤害和骨压伤害 (BSI). 对年轻运动员来说,解决身体和营养因素至关重要.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
- 儿科运动医学 儿科运动医学
背景情况:
- 身体活动对骨健康有积极的影响,而久坐不动的生活方式增加了受伤风险.
- 早期和单一的体育专业化显著提高了运动员过度使用伤害的发生率.
- 骨压伤 (BSI) 是一种普遍存在的过度使用伤害类别,特别是在青少年运动员中.
研究的目的:
- 检查身体活动,骨健康和易受压力骨折和过度使用伤害之间的复杂联系.
- 调查早期体育专业化在过度使用伤害,特别是骨压力伤害 (BSI) 增加中的作用.
- 突出了对儿科和青少年运动员肌肉骨健康的整体方法的需要.
主要方法:
- 关于体育活动和体育专业化对骨健康和伤害的影响的文献综述.
- 分析骨压伤害 (BSI) 的频谱,包括压力反应和骨折.
- 识别风险因素,如体育运动中的相对能量缺乏 (REDS) 和维生素D缺乏.
主要成果:
- 骨压力损伤 (BSI) 在高水平运动员中很常见,源于创伤和修复之间的不平衡.
- 15-25岁的青少年尤其受到影响,骨是BSI最常见的部位.
- 运动中的相对能量缺乏 (REDS) 和维生素D缺乏与BSI和压力骨折的风险增加和复发有关.
结论:
- 综合体能和营养策略的整体方法对于管理和预防年轻运动员的BSI至关重要.
- 了解BSI的生物机械谱对于及时诊断和干预至关重要.
- 促进平衡的运动发展和适当的营养可以减轻与早期体育专业化相关的风险.
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