基变异和基因集群模块化作为霍乱出现的非线性瓶
Mario López-Pérez1,2, Deepak Balasubramanian1,3, Alicia Campos-Lopez1,2
1Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central, Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827.
概括
了解Vibrio cholerae菌株如何成为人类病原体是关键. 这项研究表明,获得特定的基因集群和等位基因对于流行性霍乱群 (PCG) 殖民人类肠道至关重要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 特定细菌菌株作为人类病原体的出现尚不清楚.
- 霍乱,由大流行性霍乱群 (PCG) 菌株 * Vibrio cholerae * 引起,作为研究这种现象的模型.
研究的目的:
- 研究生态进化动力学和遗传因素,推动毒性*Vibrio cholerae*的出现.
- 为了确定为肠道殖民提供竞争优势的遗传决定因素.
主要方法:
- 包括环境分离物在内的1840多个 *V. cholerae* 基因组的综合基因组分析.
- 将 *V. cholerae* 菌株分为 11 个组的等级分类.
- 基因集群和病原菌和环境菌株之间的等位基因变异的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 该PCG是最大的V. cholerae群体的一部分,与环境菌株有着共同的血统.
- 获得独特的基因集群和特定的等位基因变异对于肠道殖民至关重要.
- 某些PCG相关的基因基因对殖民是必不可少的,而另一些基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因基因.
- 这些关键等位基因不会影响环境水库中的殖民.
结论:
- 毒性*Vibrio cholerae*的出现是由获得增强肠道殖民性的特定遗传元素所驱动的.
- 了解这些进化根源为研究环境细菌群体中病原性克隆的出现提供了一个框架.
相关概念视频
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.0K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.0K
03:21Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
7.9K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
7.9K
01:09Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift
58.2K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
58.2K
02:39Gene Flow
34.9K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
34.9K
02:37Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.1K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.1K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K