相关实验视频
Updated: Sep 20, 2025
03:37
Intravitreal Injections in the Ovine Eye
Published on: July 5, 2022
3.4K
成年人的阴道炎:一篇综述
Panayiotis Maghsoudlou1,2, Simon J Epps2, Catherine M Guly2
1Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
JAMA
|May 28, 2025
概括
膜炎是一种影响20至50岁成年人的眼睛炎症,需要及时治疗以防止视力丧失. 有效的治疗方法包括前膜炎的皮质类固醇和耐火性后膜炎的免疫抑制剂,如阿达利穆巴.
科学领域:
- 眼科 眼科
- 免疫学
- 关节病学
背景情况:
- 膜炎是眼睛膜的炎症,影响视力,并可能导致严重的并发症,如玻璃眼和失明.
- 它主要影响20至50岁的成年人,可以根据解剖位置 (前端,中间,后端,面膜炎) 和病因 (传染性或非传染性) 进行分类.
- 非传染性脑膜炎通常与诸如轴性脊柱关节炎等全身性疾病有关,而传染性病因包括毒性质炎,疹,结核病和艾滋病毒.
研究的目的:
- 总结目前对紫外线炎的理解,包括其分类,风险因素和治疗策略.
- 强调及时和适当的管理的重要性,以防止危及视力的并发症.
- 审查不同类型的膜炎治疗方法的有效性.
主要方法:
- 对膜炎流行病学,病变和临床管理的现有文献的审查.
- 对不同类型的卵膜炎治疗结果的分析,包括传染性和非传染性病因.
- 评估一线和二线疗法,包括皮质类固醇,疾病修饰性抗性药物 (DMARD) 和生物药物.
主要成果:
- 前膜炎通常对局部皮质类固醇有反应.
- 对于后部非传染性脑膜炎,DMARDs如甲和mycophenolate mofetil是有效的第一线治疗方法,在很大一部分患者中实现了缓解.
- 与安慰剂相比,生物制剂如阿达利穆马布在耐药病例中表现为二线疗法,延长了治疗失败的时间.
结论:
- 需要根据亚型和病因来进行量身定制的治疗.
- 及早采取适当的治疗,包括皮质类固醇,DMARD和生物药物,对于维护视力至关重要.
- 治疗潜在的系统性疾病和最大限度地减少皮质类固醇副作用是脑膜炎治疗的关键目标.
相关概念视频
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
792
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
792
01:27Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
597
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
597
01:28Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
718
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
718
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
6.5K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.5K