美国食品和药物管理局批准摘要:阿巴塞普特用于预防急性GVHD
Kelly J Norsworthy1, Donna R Rivera2, Joseph Wynne1
1Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland.
概括
阿巴塞普特加上氨酸抑制剂和甲索特酸可显著降低急性移植对宿主疾病 (aGVHD),并改善血造干细胞移植患者的存活率. 这种组合疗法是aGVHD在非相关的捐赠者移植中预防的突破.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 急性移植对宿主疾病 (aGVHD) 是异性造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 后的一个主要并发症.
- 目前的预防策略,包括氨酸抑制剂 (CNI) 和甲状腺 (MTX),在预防aGVHD方面存在局限性.
- 选择性T细胞辅助刺激调节剂阿巴塔塞普已经成为aGVHD预防的潜在药物.
研究的目的:
- 评估阿巴切与CNI和MTX结合的疗效和安全性,用于在接受来自非相关捐赠者的HSCT患者中预防aGVHD.
- 评估这种联合治疗对整体存活率和aGVHD无存活率的影响.
主要方法:
- 研究IM101311:一项随机双盲试验,比较atabacept + CNI + MTX与安慰剂 + CNI + MTX在接受8/8 HLA匹配无关捐赠者HSCT的患者 (≥6年) 中.
- 研究IM101841:来自国际血液和骨髓移植研究中心注册表的现实数据分析,比较7/8不匹配的非相关捐助者HSCT患者的阿巴塔塞普特+CNI+MTX与CNI+MTX.
- 关键终点包括整体存活率和II-IV级aGVHD无存活率在移植后180天.
主要成果:
- 在随机试验中,阿巴切显著降低了II-IV级aGVHD的风险 (HR:0.54),并在第180天改善了整体存活率 (HR:0.33).
- 现实数据显示,在不匹配的捐赠者环境中,在接受阿巴塔cept + CNI + MTX的患者中,与仅接受CNI + MTX的患者相比,180天的整体存活率 (98%) 较高 (75%).
- 常见的严重不良反应包括细胞巨乳病毒和爱斯坦-巴尔病毒的重新激活.
结论:
- 与CNI和MTX结合使用的阿巴切在接受非相关捐赠者的HSCT的成人和儿科患者的aGVHD预防中是有效的.
- 这种组合治疗改善了生存结果,并代表了HSCT支持性护理的重大进步.
- 进一步的研究正在进行中,以评估在较年轻的儿科群体 (2至<6岁) 中的疗效.
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