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在社区范围内对人类病毒进行分子监测

Ari N Machtinger¹, Heather M Machkovech², Shelby L O'Connor¹

¹Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA;

Annual review of virology

|May 28, 2025

概括

使用废水和空气样本的环境监测补充了监测病毒的临床方法. 进步提高了检测,为全球的公共卫生和流行病情报提供了新的工具.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
环境科学环境科学
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

临床监测是监测病毒循环的传统方法.
使用废水和空气采样进行环境监测是一种补充方法.
最近的技术进步,由COVID-19大流行驱动,已经改善了混合样本中的病毒检测.

研究的目的:

审查环境监测系统最近的发展情况.
讨论环境监测的潜力,以减轻病毒的引入和传播.
探讨在全球范围内扩大环境监测的挑战和机遇,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.

主要方法:

审查最近的科学文献和环境监测技术进步.
分析用于病毒表征的采样和检测技术.
考虑道德实施,社区参与和隐私问题.

主要成果:

环境监测提供了敏感和全面的病毒表征.
扩张面临着基础设施方面的挑战,并需要诸如社区参与等道德考虑.
未来的应用包括检测新出现的动物病和为公共卫生行动提供信息.

结论:

环境监测可以显著提高流行病情报.
利益相关者之间的协调对于克服后勤,监管和道德障碍至关重要.
环境监测对全球公共卫生安全具有变革性的潜力.

关键词:

空气中的病原体环境监督环境监督环境监督环境监督环境监督病毒流行病学病毒流行病学废水是废水,废水就是废水.

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