肝硬化病的变化景观 病因 肝硬化病病因学
Nahum Méndez-Sánchez1, Mariana M Ramírez-Mejía2, Ming-Hua Zheng3
1Clínica de Investigación del Hígado, Fundación Clínica Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Archives of medical research
|May 28, 2025
概括
与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 现在是墨西哥肝硬化的主要原因,超过了与酒精有关的肝病 (ALD). 这种转变在老年女性中尤为明显,在全国范围内观察到区域差异.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 肝硬化是一个重大的全球健康挑战.
- 墨西哥面临着肥胖和2型糖尿病的上升,增加了代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 的患病率.
- 考虑到区域和人口因素,了解墨西哥当前的肝硬化病因至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查墨西哥肝硬化病的当前原因.
- 为了确定肝硬化病因的区域和人口差异.
- 要突出代谢相关疾病对墨西哥肝脏健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项多中心横截面研究,涉及2018年至2024年期间被诊断患有肝硬化的2182名患者.
- 数据来自墨西哥北部,中部和南部的13家三级医院.
- 分析包括人口统计信息,病因因素和观察到的并发症.
主要成果:
- 与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 是肝硬化的主要原因 (42.8%),其次是与酒精有关的肝病 (ALD,23.8%) 和C型肝炎病毒 (HCV,12.2%).
- 在老年患者和女性中,MASLD更为普遍,而在年轻患者和男性中,ALD更为普遍.
- 肝细胞癌 (HCC) 发生在8.9%的患者中,中部地区的发病率更高. 门高血压 (59.5%) 和炎 (30.4%) 是最常见的并发症. 发现了显著的区域差异,中部和南部地区的MASLD更为常见,北部的ALD更为常见.
结论:
- 墨西哥肝硬化病的病因正在转变,MASLD成为主要原因.
- MASLD在老年人和女性中尤其普遍.
- 在MASLD和ALD发病率的区域差异突显出需要地理定制的公共卫生战略.
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