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青春期睡眠模式的轨迹在自闭症和神经类型的青少年中
Beth A Malow1, Rachael A Muscatello2, Trey McGonigle3
1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Nashville, TN, United States; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
Sleep medicine
|May 28, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年和典型发育 (TD) 的同龄人在青春期表现出明显的睡眠-觉醒模式. 与那些患有自闭症的青少年相比,TD青少年在成熟时经历了更晚的睡觉时间和增加的白天嗜睡.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 青少年睡眠科学 青少年睡眠科学
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 研究研究
背景情况:
- 睡眠-清醒模式在青少年发育期间经历了显著的变化.
- 了解自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中的这些变化对于确定潜在干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 纵向检查和比较ASD青少年的睡眠-觉醒模式的轨迹与典型发育 (TD) 青少年.
- 在青春期发育过程中调查睡觉时间,清醒时间和白天嗜睡的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项为期4年的纵向研究跟踪了244名参与者 (140名ASD,104名TD),每年收集睡眠数据.
- 用混合效应模型和比例赔率模型分析了自我报告的睡眠和清醒时间和白天的嗜睡.
- 分析包括性行为,夜间清醒,黑激素使用,以及通过青春期相互作用进行诊断.
主要成果:
- 对于睡前时间的变化 (p < 0.001) 观察到诊断和青春期之间的显著相互作用.
- 虽然青春期初的睡觉时间相似,但TD青少年的睡觉时间逐渐比ASD青少年晚.
- 与ASD年轻人相比,TD年轻人在青春期晚期报告了更大的白天嗜睡 (p = 0.001).
结论:
- 自闭症和TD青少年在青春期发育期间表现出不同的睡眠-清醒模式和白天嗜睡轨迹.
- 这些观察到的差异可能源于荷尔蒙或行为因素,需要进一步调查.
- 研究结果强调,需要为患有自闭症的青少年提供量身定制的睡眠支持策略.
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