什么是护理经济? 关于当前证据,挑战,促进者和未来机会的范围审查
I Blackberry1,2, J Boak1,2, K Barclay1
1Care Economy Research Institute, La Trobe University, Albury-Wodonga, VIC, Australia.
Frontiers in public health
|May 29, 2025
概括
护理经济在COVID-19期间至关重要,严重依赖于非正式和正式护理工作者. 改善需要护理人员的教育,支持和更好的政府补偿来弥补现有的差距.
科学领域:
- 卫生科学 卫生科学 卫生科学
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,护理经济的重要性急剧上升,突出了护理人员 (主要是女性) 的重要,但往往是看不见的角色.
- 医疗保健和社会支持部门被确定为全球最大和增长最快的行业.
- 本综述探讨了护理经济的现状,强调其依赖于不同人群的非正式和正式护理劳动力.
研究的目的:
- 进行对护理经济的范围审查.
- 阐明护理经济的现状,确定关键主题,挑战和研究差距.
- 了解不同的人口统计数据中对非正式和正式护理劳动力的依赖.
主要方法:
- 在使用MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,PsycINFO和Scopus等数据库进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 该审查遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所 (JBI) 的方法和PRISMA-ScR报告准则.
- 包括2018年1月至2023年11月期间发表的研究,重点是与残疾,老年护理,幼儿教育,退伍军人,移民和护理工作人员相关的定量和定性研究.
主要成果:
- 该审查分析了354项研究,其中很大一部分来自美国,中国和英国.
- 在70%的研究中,女性作为护理人员占比过高,通常是配偶或伴侣,面临缺乏教育,支持,收入损失和社会生活减少等障碍.
- 确定的研究缺口包括移民人口的贡献和护理经济中的性别/多样性不平等.
结论:
- 护理经济是一个新兴的研究领域,在某些地理区域和护理的经济价值方面显著缺乏证据.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,特别是考虑到全球人口老龄化,以了解正式和非正式的护理的多方面的好处.
- 改善的建议包括加强护理人员教育,协作护理规划,以及政府改革护理人员的薪酬和就业福利.
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