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相关概念视频

Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory01:15

Theory of Attribution I: Correspondent Inference Theory

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Correspondent inference theory, proposed by Jones and Davis in 1965, seeks to explain how individuals infer stable personality traits from observed behaviors. It suggests that people attribute actions to underlying dispositions rather than external circumstances, particularly when the behavior appears intentional and socially significant.Voluntary Behavior and Dispositional AttributionAccording to this theory, individuals are more likely to attribute behavior to personal traits when it appears...
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Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory01:29

Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory

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Attribution theory plays a crucial role in social psychology, helping to explain how individuals interpret the causes of behavior. One prominent model within this field is Harold Kelley's covariation theory, which provides a systematic approach to determining whether internal traits or external circumstances drive a person's actions. The model posits that individuals rely on three key types of information—consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness—to make these judgments.Consensus:...
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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Attribution Theory00:56

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Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
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Self-Serving Bias

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Self-serving bias is a cognitive phenomenon in which individuals attribute positive outcomes to internal factors such as their abilities, intelligence, or effort while attributing negative outcomes to external circumstances. This cognitive distortion helps maintain self-esteem but can also impede objective self-assessment.Theoretical Explanations of Self-Serving BiasTwo primary theories explain the self-serving bias: the cognitive explanation and the motivational explanation.The cognitive...
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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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走向忠实的神经网络内在解释与沙普利的附加自我归因.

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    此摘要是机器生成的。

    本研究介绍了沙普利增材自我归因神经网络 (SASANet),这是一个自我解释神经网络的新框架. 通过整合Shapley值赋值,SASANet提供了真正的可解释性和增强的模型表达性.

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    科学领域:

    • 人工智能的人工智能
    • 机器学习 机器学习
    • 可解释的人工智能 (XAI)

    背景情况:

    • 当前的自我解释神经网络往往缺乏解释性的理论依据,并限制模型的表达力.
    • 现有的方法很难为模型预测提供真正的,理论上合理的解释.

    研究的目的:

    • 提出一个通用的附加性自我归因 (ASA) 框架,以统一现有方法.
    • 引入一个新的沙普利增材自我归因神经网络 (SASANet),该网络包含沙普利值归因,以提高可解释性.
    • 通过提高可解释性和性能来解决当前自我解释模型的局限性.

    主要方法:

    • 开发了一个新的沙普利增材自我归因神经网络 (SASANet).
    • 设计了一个使用边际贡献 (MCs) 和内部蒸程序的中间顺序方案.
    • 从理论上证明了中间的自我归因值与输出中的沙普利值趋同.

    主要成果:

    • 在性能方面,SASANet实现了高的可解释性,并超过了现有的自我归因模型.
    • 萨萨网的性能与通常使用的封闭盒模型相美.
    • 在SASANet中的自我归因方法提供了比后期方法更准确和更有效的解释.

    结论:

    • SASANet是第一个实现模型智能的Shapley归因的自我解释神经网络结构.
    • 拟议的框架提高了神经网络的可解释性和性能.
    • 在理论上,SASANet提供了一种合理且实际上有效的方法来解释AI.