探索人工语言学习 (ALL) 范式的使用,以区分语言障碍的内在源与外在源
Liron Reznik-Nevet1, David L Share2, Ravit Cohen-Mimran3
1Department of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Journal of communication disorders
|May 29, 2025
概括
人工语言学习 (ALL) 范式显示,来自低社会经济地位 (SES) 的孩子比被认为具有发育语言障碍 (pDLD) 的孩子更好地学习新语言规则和单词. 这表明环境因素,而不仅仅是内在能力,影响语言技能.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 显著影响儿童的发展,包括语言学习.
- 区分由于内在因素而导致的语言障碍与环境影响之间的区别对于有效的干预至关重要.
- 人工语言学习 (ALL) 提供了新的方法来评估潜在的语言学习能力.
研究的目的:
- 调查 ALL 范式在区分疑似发育性语言障碍 (pDLD) 的儿童与面临环境劣势的儿童语言能力方面的实用性.
- 为了比较pDLD儿童和低SES背景儿童的累积语言知识和学习能力.
主要方法:
- 一项两步查发现了35名pDLD儿童和33名来自低SES背景的儿童.
- 参与者完成了词汇和形态知识的评估.
- 使用ALL范式评估了词汇和形态学习能力.
主要成果:
- 在pDLD和低SES组之间,在积累的词汇和形态知识中没有观察到显著的差异.
- 低SES组在学习人工形态规则方面表现优越.
- 低SES组在ALL任务中也表现出更好的学习新伪词的能力.
结论:
- 来自低SES背景的儿童在传统措施上可能表现出与pDLD儿童相比的语言表现.
- 然而,低SES儿童表现出更大的学习能力,能够使用ALL范式学习新的语言信息和规则.
- 所有范式都显示出确定特定学习缺陷和区分影响语言发展的内在因素和外在因素的前景.
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