在中国江西省60岁以上的老年人中,肺炎球菌疫苗接种行为的决定因素
Han Zhao1,2,3, Shicheng Guo1, Jie Liu1
1Immunization Program Institute, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Epidemic Prevention and Control, Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
Medicine
|May 29, 2025
概括
老年人的肺炎球菌疫苗接种受到社会因素,医疗保健建议和疫苗成本的影响. 建议加强对肺炎球菌疾病和PPSV23疫苗的健康教育,适用于这个年龄组.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 肺炎球菌病对60岁及以上的个人构成重大健康风险.
- 肺炎球菌疫苗接种,特别是PPSV23的疫苗接种,是这一群体的一个关键预防措施.
- 了解影响疫苗接种的因素对于改善公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索与60岁及以上个体肺炎球菌疫苗 (PPSV23) 接种相关的因素.
- 确定影响老年人接受肺炎球菌疫苗的决定的关键决定因素.
- 为提高老年人肺炎球菌疫苗接种率提供基于证据的建议.
主要方法:
- 采用了一个不匹配的病例控制研究设计.
- 在江西省收集了425名年龄≥60岁的参与者 (212名接种疫苗,213名未接种疫苗) 的数据.
- 使用后勤回归和ROC曲线分析来识别影响因素并评估模型的预测能力.
主要成果:
- 在接种疫苗的组中,对肺炎球菌病和PPSV23的认识和积极态度通常更高.
- 促进PPSV23疫苗接种的关键因素包括城市居住,社会接触的疫苗接种史,医疗保健工作人员的建议,可接受的疫苗价格 (≥200元) 和积极的态度.
- 多变量分析揭示了疫苗接种与社会影响,医疗保健提供者建议,疫苗感知成本,以及对疫苗的知识/态度之间的重要关联.
结论:
- 江西老年人的肺炎球菌疫苗接种率主要受到其社交网络的疫苗接种状态,有关肺炎球菌疾病和PPSV23的知识以及疫苗定价的影响.
- 有针对性的健康教育计划,专注于提高对肺炎球菌疫苗接种的认识和积极态度至关重要.
- 针对疫苗可及性和成本的干预措施,以及利用医疗保健提供者的建议,可以显著提高老年人群的疫苗接种覆盖率.
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