荷尔蒙避孕药和视网膜血管封闭风险
Siar Niazi1, Filip Gnesin1, Baker Nawfal Jawad2
1From the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (S.N., F.G., C.T.), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Cardiology (S.N., F.G., C.T.), Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark.
American journal of ophthalmology
|May 29, 2025
概括
荷尔蒙避孕药的使用,特别是与30-40微克雌激素结合的口服避孕药,与女性视网膜静脉封闭的风险更高有关. 视网膜静脉封闭风险的绝对增加很低,视网膜动脉封闭风险没有增加.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 视网膜血管闭塞 (RVO) 是一种严重的眼睛疾病,可能导致视力丧失.
- 激素避孕药 (HCs) 被生育年龄的女性广泛使用.
- 了解与HC使用相关的潜在风险对于患者咨询和公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究女性使用荷尔蒙避孕药与视网膜血管封闭 (视网膜静脉封闭和视网膜动脉封闭) 的风险之间的关联.
- 分析不同类型,剂量和HC使用时间对RVO风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的基于登记的队列研究跟踪了2,208,172名年龄在15-49岁之间的女性.
- 关于HC使用 (处方记录) 和RVO事件 (医院诊断) 的数据从1996年1月1日至2021年6月30日收集.
- 普森回归模型被用于估计发病率比率,并对相关共变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 当前HC使用与非使用相比,视网膜静脉封闭率增加40% (AIRR1.4).
- 含有30-40微克雌激素的组合口服避孕药 (COC) 显示出更高的风险 (AIRR1.6),而低剂量20微克的COC和激素子宫内器械没有显示出增加的风险.
- 当前使用HC时,视网膜动脉封闭率没有显著增加 (AIRR 1.2).
结论:
- 含有30-40μg雌激素的组合口服避孕药与视网膜静脉封闭率的增加有关.
- 与HC使用相关的RVO风险的绝对增加很低.
- 荷尔蒙避孕药似乎不会增加视网膜动脉封闭的风险.
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