视觉搜索,瞳孔反应和艺术游泳专家和新手裁判之间的分数差异:一项探索性研究
Katia R Ponciano1, Maysa P G Leopoldo1, Dalton Lustosa Oliveira1
1School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Perceptual and motor skills
|May 30, 2025
概括
专家艺术游泳评委专注于身体的关键区域,显示出不同的视觉搜索模式和更高的分数. 他们的高级认知过程导致更准确的绩效评估.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 感知 感知 感知 感知
背景情况:
- 艺术游泳 (AS) 评分依赖于法官的感知和认知.
- 专业知识在绩效评估期间影响视觉搜索和瞳孔反应.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较视觉搜索行为,瞳孔直径变化,以及专家和新手AS评委之间的得分.
- 调查专业知识如何影响AS判断中的注意力分配和认知负载.
主要方法:
- 眼睛追踪技术被用来监控法官的视觉搜索模式.
- 在评估特定的AS数据 (直立芭蕾腿和里约) 期间,测量了瞳孔直径的变化.
- 专家和初学者评委的分数进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 专家法官表现出较短的固定距离运动员,更多地关注上肢,少关注下肢或无关区域.
- 专家法官显示,瞳孔直径变化更大,这表明认知负载更高.
- 与新手法官相比,专家法官的得分更高.
结论:
- 专家AS评委表现出专门的视觉注意力模式,专注于相关的绩效线索.
- 独特的视觉搜索策略和更大的认知负载与专家法官的优异评分表现有关.
- 这些发现表明,在专家AS法官中,认知过程高度自动化.
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