四级化合物的发生和来源的识别在日本的水域中,这些水域有相当大的未排水面积
Samina Zaman1, Yuki Minami2, Masato Honda3
1Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakumamachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.
The Science of the total environment
|May 30, 2025
概括
四级化合物 (QACs) 是生物杀伤性污染物,在未排水区域附近的河流中发现. 污水处理厂可以去除大多数质量控制系统,但它们的存在表明这些地区的废水管理存在挑战.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 四级化合物 (QAC) 是广泛使用的生物制剂,具有生态毒理学问题,并与多药性耐药性有关.
- 尽管污水处理厂 (STP) 的清除率很高,但它们在现场污水处理系统中的命运,在未被排污地区很常见,人们对其了解甚微.
研究的目的:
- 调查14个QAC和相关污染物的发生和命运,在日本的河流系统和大部分未排水的流域内的STP.
- 区分废水中的QAC来源,区分家庭和商业投入.
主要方法:
- 在一年的时间里,监测了15个河流站点和一个STP的14种QAC,素和15种药物.
- 对河水和STP输入/输出样本的分析.
- 统计分析,包括主要成分分析 (PCA) 与追踪药物,以确定QAC来源.
主要成果:
- 一些QAC的最大河水度达到10-100μg/L,而另一些则在1-10μg/L范围内.
- 大多数QAC的STP显示了高的清除率 (>96.8%),但上游较高的度表明未经处理或处理不良的废水输入.
- PCA将特定的质量评估结果与未经处理的家庭废水联系起来,而其他质量评估结果则与家庭和商业废水来源结合在一起.
结论:
- 在未排污地区的废水管理对于控制河流环境中的QAC污染至关重要.
- 了解质量控制源是制定有效策略以减轻其环境影响的关键.
- 这项研究为依赖现场卫生系统的地区管理质量评估提供了关键的见解.
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