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相关概念视频

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
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Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
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The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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相关实验视频

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布福德综合体和状腺体版本之间是否存在关系?

Haluk Yaka1, Mustafa Özer1, Hasan Rüzgar1

  • 1Necmettin Erbakan University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Konya, Turkey.

Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association
|May 30, 2025
PubMed
概括

布福德综合体 (BC) 与更先进的 (向前倾斜) 腺体有关,这些患者有旋转手套撕裂 (RCT) 和前肩部不稳定 (ASI). 这一发现表明BC可能是影响肩部形态的补偿变异.

关键词:
巴福德综合体是一个复杂的建筑群.格莱诺伊德版本的版本拉布拉尔的变化在MGHLMGHL中使用.骨的形态学 骨的形态学

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科学领域:

  • 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
  • 肩部关节镜检查 肩部关节镜检查
  • 放射学 放射学是指放射学

背景情况:

  • 布福德综合体 (BC) 是在肩膀关节镜检查中发现的一种解剖变异.
  • 它与前肩不稳定 (ASI) 和旋转手套撕裂 (RCT) 患者的头皮形态的关系尚不清楚.
  • 这项研究调查了BC和头巾参数之间的关联.

研究的目的:

  • 确定关节镜检测到的布福德复合体 (BC) 和头骨形态之间的关系.
  • 为了比较患有BC和没有BC的患者的腺版本 (GV),腺倾斜 (GI) 和关键肩角 (CSA).
  • 探索BC作为肩部病理中的补偿机制的潜在作用.

主要方法:

  • 1947个肩膀关节透镜病例 (2015-2023) 的回顾性分析.
  • 包括组:BC与ASI,RCT与BC,RCT控制,ASI控制和一般控制.
  • 来自MRI的GV和GI的比较,以及所有组的X线图中的CSA.

主要成果:

  • 与对照组相比,患有BC的患者 (在RCT和ASI组中) 显示出明显较低的平均状腺体版本 (GV).
  • 在BC组的RCT中,GV的平均值明显较低 (-1o±3.3o),而不是RCT对照组 (7.7o±5.7o).
  • 与BC组的ASI中,平均GV明显较低 (-1.9o±3.6o),而与ASI对照 (3.35o±4.8o) 相比.
  • 两组之间在状腺倾斜度 (GI) 或关键肩膀角度 (CSA) 上没有发现显著差异.

结论:

  • 较多的前转腺 (减少的GV) 与RCT和ASI患者的Buford复合物的存在有关.
  • BC可能代表由减少的GV引起的前部头部翻译的补偿性适应.
  • 在诊断BC时,临床医生应该考虑前转腺体的可能性.