空气温度对精英和平均跑步者的马拉松终点时间的影响
Tamra L Llewellyn1, Rachel M Maceri1
1Health and Human Performance, Nebraska Wesleyan University, Lincoln, NE, USA.
Journal of sports sciences
|May 31, 2025
概括
马拉松比赛的温度在全球范围内不断上升,影响跑步者的表现. 较高的温度通常会导致大多数跑步者,尤其是精英男子的马拉松完成时间较慢.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
背景情况:
- 马拉松跑的表现受到环境因素,特别是空气温度的显著影响.
- 气候变化和日益严重的热浪需要研究它们对全球马拉松赛事的影响.
- 最佳的马拉松温度通常被认为在10-12°C之间.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查全球主要马拉松赛中温度上升的趋势.
- 为了评估马拉松在最佳温度范围内发生的频率.
- 确定空气温度与精英和中等跑步者的马拉松终点时间之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 自六个主要马拉松 (波士顿,林肯,祖母,柏林,芝加哥,纽约) 开始以来,分析了温度和结束时间数据.
- 对前10名男性,前10名女性和中等完成者的空气温度和完成时间之间的统计相关性分析.
- 对每个马拉松的温度变化随时间的变化进行趋势分析.
主要成果:
- 在大多数分析的比赛中,较高的空气温度与中等跑步者和前10名男子的马拉松终点时间较慢相关.
- 在6场马拉松中的5场中,在前10名女性中没有观察到温度和完成时间之间的显著相关性.
- 只有柏林马拉松自成立以来显示出统计学上显著的温度上升趋势.
结论:
- 马拉松中温度升高可能会对跑者表现产生负面影响,特别是对于中等和精英男性参与者.
- 温度对精英女马拉松运动员表现的影响在不同种族中似乎不那么一致.
- 像柏林这样的特定马拉松正在经历可测量的变暖趋势,突出了适应战略的必要性.
相关概念视频
01:28Factors Affecting Body Temperature
7.0K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may include:
Factors may include:
7.0K
01:07Body Temperature
583
Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
583
01:15Construction of Frequency Distribution
8.6K
A frequency distribution table can be constructed using the steps given below.
First, make a table with two columns—one with the title of the data that needs to be organized, and the other column for frequency. [Draw a third column for tally marks if needed]. Then, take a look at the items given in the data set and decide if an ungrouped frequency distribution table or a grouped frequency distribution table would be more suitable. If there are large sets of different values, then it is...
First, make a table with two columns—one with the title of the data that needs to be organized, and the other column for frequency. [Draw a third column for tally marks if needed]. Then, take a look at the items given in the data set and decide if an ungrouped frequency distribution table or a grouped frequency distribution table would be more suitable. If there are large sets of different values, then it is...
8.6K
01:20Hot Weather Concreting
129
Concreting at elevated temperatures accelerates the hydration process, leading to quicker setting but potentially reducing the long-term strength of the concrete structure. Additionally, low air humidity fosters rapid moisture loss from the concrete, resulting in reduced workability, pronounced plastic shrinkage, and a higher likelihood of crazing.
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
129
01:26Requirements for Human Life
10.9K
The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a specific range of temperature and pressure that the Earth and its atmosphere provides.
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
10.9K
02:28Effect of Temperature Change on Reaction Rate
4.3K
The Arrhenius equation,
4.3K