低薪移民工人的医疗保健服务:系统审查
Eilin Rast1, Karen Lau2, Rosita Chia-Yin Lin3
1London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Population Medicine & Health Services Research, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|May 31, 2025
概括
低薪移民工人面临医疗保健排斥,扩大健康不平等. 这次审查确定了21个可访问的医疗保健服务,但它们的有效性在很大程度上仍然不清楚,突出了积极主动的卫生系统设计的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 移民研究 移民研究
背景情况:
- 低工资的劳动移民经常经历不利的生活和工作条件,导致严重的健康差异.
- 由于"其他"和系统监督等因素,医疗保健服务的排除加剧了基本移民工人的健康不平等.
研究的目的:
- 确定和描述旨在为低工资移民工人提供医疗保健服务的可访问性.
- 评估这些有针对性的医疗干预措施的有效性.
主要方法:
- 系统性文献综述的Medline,Embase,全球卫生,科学网,和全球指数医学 (2000-2023年).
- 包含关于农业,制造业和家务中低薪移民工人的医疗保健服务的初级研究,报告和灰色文献.
- 服务特征和效果的叙述综合,遵循PRISMA指南,并注册在PROSPERO.
主要成果:
- 在6个国家和3个行业中确定了21个针对低工资移民工人的医疗保健服务.
- 服务包括已建立的医疗设施,移动诊所和远程医疗,由各种各样的参与者提供.
- 解决了成本和不方便的工作时间等常见障碍,但对服务影响 (健康,访问,满意度) 的证据有限,只有六项研究提供了零碎的数据.
结论:
- 对于移民工人的医疗保健服务很少有记录和评估,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 移民工人面临着在目的地地点获得医疗保健的流动性障碍.
- 卫生系统必须主动设计可访问的服务,以确保对这一基本的,但往往被排除在外的人群的健康作为人权.
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