在视神经头部的细胞
Susannah Waxman1, Deborah Villafranca-Baughman2, Julie Phillippi3
1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA.
Progress in retinal and eye research
|May 31, 2025
概括
对于微血管系统至关重要的细胞在视神经头部 (ONH) 发现,可能在青光眼中发挥作用. 对ONH细胞的进一步研究可能会导致新的青光眼治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 细胞是收缩性壁细胞,对微血管功能至关重要,调节血液流动并维持屏障.
- 细胞功能障碍与神经退行性疾病有关,但它们在视神经头部 (ONH) 中的作用尚不清楚.
- ONH是格洛瘤神经退行早期的部位,强调了研究局部细胞周细胞贡献的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 总结当前关于ONH生理学和玻璃眼瘤中的危细胞作用的知识.
- 为了研究皮质细胞的存在和潜在功能在健康和眼ONH.
- 为了确定青光眼中微血管功能障碍的治疗点.
主要方法:
- 在ONH健康和玻璃眼病中对细胞细胞功能进行文献综述.
- 在小鼠,非人类灵长类动物和人类ONH组织中检查皮质细胞存在的组织学检查.
- 对因子的分析,将青光眼中的ONH功能障碍与其他神经退行性疾病中的皮质细胞功能障碍联系起来.
主要成果:
- 在小鼠,非人类灵长类动物和人类ONH的微血管系统中发现了pericytes.
- 与玻璃眼疾病中ONH功能障碍相关的因素显示,与其他神经退行性疾病中的细胞周细胞功能障碍有关.
- 皮细胞的存在表明在ONH内具有局部功能的能力.
结论:
- 在物种中存在ONH细胞体,这表明它们在微血管调节中可能发挥局部作用.
- 细胞是一个有希望的,但尚未研究的目标,用于解决青光眼的微血管功能障碍.
- 了解皮质细胞对健康和疾病的贡献,对于开发眼新型治疗策略至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:20Anatomy of the Eyeball
6.2K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
6.2K
01:32The Retina
67.9K
The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
67.9K
01:24Vision
53.0K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
53.0K
01:31Nervous Tissue: Glial Cells
2.8K
Glia, or neuroglia, are vital support cells that assist neurons in their functions. The term "glia" originates from the Greek word for "glue," reflecting their role in holding the nervous system together. These cells can be categorized into six types: four in the central nervous system (CNS) and two in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The CNS glial cell includes the astrocytes, the oligodendrocytes, the microglia, and the ependymal cells.
Astrocytes are star-shaped glial...
The CNS glial cell includes the astrocytes, the oligodendrocytes, the microglia, and the ependymal cells.
Astrocytes are star-shaped glial...
2.8K
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
527
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
527
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
5.9K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
5.9K