确定保护的优先领域,以促进连接和减轻人类干扰的影响
Edmond Sacre1, Ulf Bergström2, Charlotte Berkström2
1Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Öregrund, Sweden.
概括
扩大海洋保护区 (MPA) 对生物多样性至关重要. 这项研究优先考虑了瑞典波罗的海的保护区,确定了脆弱的息地,并通过增加覆盖率将保护水平提高到90%以上.
科学领域:
- 海洋保护规划 海洋保护规划
- 空间优先级的确定
- 生物多样性的持久性
背景情况:
- 各国的目标是到2030年将保护区 (PA) 网络扩大到30% (30×30).
- 确定对生态连接至关重要且易受人类干扰的地区是一个关键的挑战.
- 现有的海洋保护区 (MPA) 网络需要对有效的生物多样性保护进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一个系统的保护规划方法,以确定空间优先级.
- 确定有助于瑞典波罗的海鱼类物种连接的关键息地.
- 评估MPA网络的充分性,并确定未来保护行动的优先领域.
主要方法:
- 为16种主要鱼类开发了连接模型.
- 人为干扰的空间数据被整合到连接模型中.
- 评估了现有MPA网络的充分性,并使用空间优先级来确定新的保护区.
主要成果:
- 瑞典MPA网络为关键息地提供了合理的保护,但在更严格的类别 (IUCN Ia,Ib,II) 中的保护不足.
- 将MPA覆盖范围从10.5%扩大到11%,使平均保护率从25%增加到48%.
- 将MPA覆盖范围扩大到15%,导致整个特征的平均保护率超过90%.
结论:
- 开发的方法有效地结合了生物多样性数据和人类对保护规划的压力.
- 海洋保护区的战略扩张是必要的,以加强关键息地的保护和连接.
- 优先考虑易受人类活动影响的地区对于有效的海洋保护和实现30×30目标至关重要.
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