在多个尺度上弥合气候变化下的保护差距,到2030年保护地球表面的30%
Hui Wu1, Le Yu1,2,3, Xiaoli Shen4
1Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
概括
昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架 (KM-GBF) 30x30承诺可以增强生物多样性,但气候变化影响需要更多的关注. 本研究确定了中国 - 东盟地区的保护优先事项,以最大限度地应对气候变化的有效性.
科学领域:
- 保护科学 保护科学
- 气候变化 生态学 生态学
- 生物多样性信息学 生物多样性信息学
背景情况:
- 昆明 - 蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架 (KM-GBF) 包括一个30x30的全球生物多样性保护承诺.
- 目前的KM-GBF战略仅限于关注应对气候变化对生物多样性的影响.
- 有效的保护计划需要整合气候变化脆弱性,物种分布和碳库存.
研究的目的:
- 为2030年制定高分辨率热点地图,了解气候变化脆弱性,物种分布和碳库存.
- 为中国-东盟地区制定一个系统的保护计划,考虑人类活动,连接性和共同的社会经济路径.
- 确定区域,国家和生物地理层面的保护优先事项和差距,以支持30x30承诺.
主要方法:
- 利用暴露-敏感性-适应框架,以1公里分辨率绘制气候变化脆弱性的地图.
- 四种陆地脊椎动物种类的模拟物种分布和估计的碳库存能力 (有机和生物质碳).
- 开发了一种系统的保护规划方法,将这些特征与人类活动,连接性和共享社会经济途径相结合.
主要成果:
- 6.59%的中国 - 东盟土地重叠所有三个确定的热点,集中在印度尼西亚,马来西亚和柬埔寨.
- 保护优先级主要在低海拔地区 (10°S到10°N).
- 在区域范围内实现30x30承诺可以将热点的保护区覆盖率提高到33%以上,而生物地理尺度显示了最小的保护差距 (13.14%).
结论:
- 确定的保护优先事项在共享社会经济路径中强大,但对保护协调规模敏感.
- 生物地理尺度提供了最有效的保护规划与最小的差距.
- 应对金融挑战和在适当的规模上实施精确的保护战略对于30x30承诺在气候变化中的成功至关重要.
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