在COVID-19之前,期间和之后的家庭医疗保健趋势:10年数据分析分析
1Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan e.yuki19860904@gmail.com.
BMJ supportive & palliative care
|June 1, 2025
概括
COVID-19大流行加速了日本家庭医疗保健的扩张,增加了家庭通话费,但减少了基本的过渡服务. 这凸显了需要有弹性的系统来平衡服务量和护理质量的需要.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗保健服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19大流行严重影响了医疗保健服务.
- 日本在2023年5月将COVID-19重新归类为第5类传染病,标志着政策的转变.
- 了解家庭医疗保健的转变对于疫情后的卫生系统弹性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间和之后,分析日本家庭医疗保健服务模式的变化.
- 评估将COVID-19重新归类为第5类传染病对这些服务的影响.
- 识别服务利用的趋势及其对护理质量的影响.
主要方法:
- 关于神奈川县家庭医疗保健服务的国家医疗保险索赔数据的回顾性分析 (2014年4月至2024年3月).
- 应用季节性自回归集成移动平均 (SARIMA) 模型来计算观察到预期 (OE) 的比率.
- 间断时间序列分析,以评估5类重新分类后的变化.
主要成果:
- 在整个大流行期间和之后,家庭医疗保健的利用率始终超过了大流行前的预测.
- 在感染高峰期间,家庭电话费大幅增加 (OE比率高达+32%).
- 出院和长期护理协调费用下降,特别是在激增期间,在5类重新分类后观察到混合影响.
结论:
- COVID-19推动了日本家庭医疗保健的定量扩张,但减少了关键的医院到家庭过渡服务.
- 这些影响在疫情正式结束之后仍然存在,这揭示了护理协调的质量差距.
- 开发有弹性的家庭医疗保健系统对于在健康紧急情况下保持服务量和质量至关重要.
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