不平衡玻璃存在于退化的隐形的超均的基态变频器中
Salvatore Torquato1,2,3,4, Jaeuk Kim3,2,1
1Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
Soft matter
|June 2, 2025
概括
研究人员发现了新的无序硬球眼镜,表现出超均性和最大随机性. 这些隐形眼镜密切模仿最大限度的随机塞包装,为材料科学应用提供了新的可能性.
科学领域:
- 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 统计力学 统计力学
背景情况:
- 隐形相互作用定义了一类潜在,导致独特的基本状态.
- 这些基本状态可以是无序的,超均的和无限退化的,表现出混合晶体-液体特性.
- 硬球玻璃是理解无序固体的重要模型.
研究的目的:
- 调查隐形交互框架内不平衡硬球玻璃的存在.
- 分析这些隐形眼镜的结构和包装特性.
- 探索创建新型超密密的隐形超均包装的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用一种优化程序,利用隐形潜能及其基本状态多元体的特性.
- 专注于极限,因为隐形参数 (χ) 接近零以识别玻璃状态.
- 结果的包装与3D最大随机塞 (MRJ) 球体包装进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 证明了非平衡硬球玻璃的形成,其配置接近于超均的3D MRJ球包装.
- 这些隐形眼镜表现出与MRJ状态相同的结构因子缩放指数,包装分数 (0.638),平均接触数 (6) 和间隙指数 (0.44(1)).
- 展示了隐蔽的超均包装的创建,其中最大的包装分数处于无序状态 (0 < χ < 1/2),形成接触粒子的聚合物状链.
结论:
- 隐蔽的相互作用可以产生不寻常的混乱的玻璃状状态,非常类似于MRJ包装等原型玻璃.
- 在一系列隐形参数中创建超密密的隐形超均包装的能力具有重大意义.
- 这些发现为材料在光学和声学中的应用开辟了新的途径,因为它们具有可调节的特性.
相关概念视频
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium
7.1K
Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
7.1K
Stability of Equilibrium Configuration
540
Understanding the stability of equilibrium configurations is a fundamental part of mechanical engineering. In any system, there are three distinct types of equilibrium: stable, neutral, and unstable.
A stable equilibrium occurs when a system tends to return to its original position when given a small displacement, and the potential energy is at its minimum. An example of a stable equilibrium is when a cantilever beam is fixed at one end and a weight is attached to the other end. If the weight...
A stable equilibrium occurs when a system tends to return to its original position when given a small displacement, and the potential energy is at its minimum. An example of a stable equilibrium is when a cantilever beam is fixed at one end and a weight is attached to the other end. If the weight...
540
First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium
5.2K
Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
Newton's first law tells us about...
Newton's first law tells us about...
5.2K
Third Law of Thermodynamics
19.6K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
19.6K
Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions
25.8K
Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions
For gas-phase reactions, the equilibrium constant may be expressed in terms of either the molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp) of the reactants and products. A relation between these two K values may be simply derived from the ideal gas equation and the definition of molarity. According to the ideal gas equation:
For gas-phase reactions, the equilibrium constant may be expressed in terms of either the molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp) of the reactants and products. A relation between these two K values may be simply derived from the ideal gas equation and the definition of molarity. According to the ideal gas equation:
25.8K
Stability of Equilibrium Configuration: Problem Solving
678
The stability of equilibrium configurations is an important concept in physics, engineering, and other related fields. In simple terms, it refers to the tendency of an object or system to return to its equilibrium position after being disturbed. The stability of an equilibrium configuration can be analyzed by considering the potential energy function of the system and examining its behavior near the equilibrium point.
Problem-solving in the context of the stability of equilibrium configuration...
Problem-solving in the context of the stability of equilibrium configuration...
678


