早期的过敏敏感化和呼吸道感染 - - 两次打击肺功能?
Vikas Wadhwa1, Shyamali C Dharmage1, Danielle Wurzel1,2
1Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
概括
儿童早期的过敏敏感和呼吸道感染相互作用,影响成年人的肺功能. 呼吸道感染对敏感个体的肺功能产生了负面影响,但在非敏感个体中改善了它,直到25岁.
科学领域:
- 儿科过敏和免疫学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 过敏敏感化和呼吸道感染在儿童时期很常见,通过"双击"假说可能与喘发展有关.
- 以前的研究还没有探讨这些综合因素对成年人肺功能的长期影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期过敏敏感化和呼吸道感染之间的相互作用.
- 确定这些因素与成年期肺功能结果的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项出生队列研究评估了24个月后通过皮肤刺痛测试来评估过敏敏感性.
- 通过调查问卷监测呼吸道感染的时间长达24个月.
- 回归模型分析了在12,18岁和25岁时与肺功能之间的相互作用和关联.
主要成果:
- 在25岁时,早期敏感性与肺功能减弱 (FEV1) 与呼吸道感染增加有关.
- 相反,非敏感的个体表现出改善的肺功能与更多的呼吸道感染.
- 对于FEV1/FVC比率和FEF25-75观察到显著的相互作用,在晚年 (18岁和25岁) 时有更强的证据.
结论:
- 这项研究支持了"双击"假设,证明了早期过敏敏感化和呼吸道感染之间的相互作用,影响到成年期的肺功能.
- 早期呼吸道感染对肺功能的影响取决于过敏敏感的存在或不存在.
- 这些发现突显了儿童暴露对呼吸系统健康的不同长期影响.
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