快速购买用于预防和控制非传染性疾病
Gauden Galea1, Allison Ekberg1, Angela Ciobanu1
1WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Lancet regional health. Europe
|June 2, 2025
概括
引入"快速购买",为非传染性疾病 (NCD) 提供基于证据的干预措施,在五年内显示出可衡量的公共卫生影响. 这些与政治周期保持一致,加速实现全球卫生目标的进展.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 对非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的最佳采购方式的采用率一直低于最佳水平.
- 有必要采取干预措施,证明短期的公共卫生影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了在五年内确定具有可衡量的公共卫生影响的具有成本效益的干预措施,称为"快速购买".
- 为了使公共卫生干预与短期政治周期保持一致,并加速实现全球卫生目标的进展.
主要方法:
- 审查了49项先前具有成本效益的干预措施 (每隔20,000美元的残疾调整生命年).
- 应用严格的证据层次,包括柯克伦和系统审查,以估计对全球健康目标的影响.
- 定义"快速购买"为干预措施,在5年内显示可测量的效果.
主要成果:
- 在49项干预措施中,有25项被评为"快速购买".
- 这些干预措施针对关键的NCD风险因素:烟草,酒精,不健康的饮食和身体不活动.
- 特定的快速购买被确定为心血管疾病,糖尿病,慢性呼吸道疾病和癌症.
结论:
- "快速购买"为决策者提供可操作的,基于证据的干预措施,与短期的政治视野保持一致.
- 这些干预措施可以加速实现可持续发展目标的进展,即到2030年将非传染性疾病过早死亡率减少三分之一.
- "快速购买"框架支持及时有效的NCD预防和控制战略.
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