驱动运动的情感和社会强化功能的识别:来自三个样本的证据
David R Kolar1, Ann F Haynos2, Shirley B Wang3
1Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
概括
在饮食障碍 (ED) 中常见的驱动性运动是通过强化机制维持的. 自动正增强 (APR) 是最常见的驱动因素,与研究中的炼频率相关.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 驱动性炼是一种经常在饮食障碍 (ED) 中观察到的跨诊断性不适应性行为.
- 维持驱动运动的具体机制尚不清楚.
- 强化函数模型为理解行为维护提供了一个潜在的框架.
研究的目的:
- 调查已建立的强化功能模型在解释维持驱动运动时的适用性.
- 通过不同发育阶段和临床表现来研究这些机制.
主要方法:
- 该研究使用了来自三个不同的样本的数据:患有ED的青少年/成年人 (N=279),患有严重ED的青少年/成年住院患者 (N=118),以及患有ED和/或运动背景的成年人 (N=52).
- 应用了一种经过验证的四功能强化模型 (自动正负强化[APR/ANR]和社会正负强化[SPR/SNR]).
- 统计分析检查了每个功能的认可频率及其与驱动运动频率和ED精神病理学的相关性.
主要成果:
- 在所有研究中,四功能模型在解释驱动运动方面都表现出实用性.
- 自动正增强 (APR) 是最常被认可的功能,其次是自动负增强 (ANR),社会负增强 (SNR) 和社会正增强 (SPR).
- 在整个样本中,APR与驱动性炼事件的频率呈现出一致的正相关性. 其他强化功能与ED精神病理学之间的关联各不相同.
- 对于那些患有更严重的ED的人来说,提出了潜在的单独控制功能.
结论:
- 强化机制,特别是自动积极强化,在维持饮食障碍和没有饮食障碍的个体中发挥着重要的作用.
- 这些发现支持应用四功能强化模型,对严重的临床表现进行潜在的修改.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索特定临床群体中驱动运动的额外控制功能.
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