从进化,比较和发展的角度重新思考表面的沟通
1Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University.
Psychological review
|June 2, 2025
概括
表面沟通包括传达信息和传达信息的意图,引发相关性期望. 这一修订后的理论区分了基本的和精神的表现,适用于大猿和人类教学.
科学领域:
- 实用主义是一个实用主义.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 比较心理学比较心理学
背景情况:
- 表面的沟通理论 (斯珀伯和威尔逊,1986年至1995年) 提出了双重的意图:信息和沟通.
- 这一框架影响了实用学,发展学和比较心理学,但需要进一步阐述.
- 之前的模型,包括Gricean实用主义,正在被改进,以更好地解释表面的沟通.
研究的目的:
- 为了呈现一个修订,扩大,更明确的帐户的表面沟通.
- 探索认知相关性和社会合作性期望的作用.
- 区分基本的和精神的外表以及它们在进化和发育上的影响.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和现有实用学和心理学研究的综合.
- 对比心理学发现的分析,特别是关于大猿沟通的研究.
- 从自然教学理论和格里斯实用主义理论中理论整合概念.
主要成果:
- 一个修订后的模型,区分"基本表现" (信息的证据) 和"心智沟通" (沟通意图的证据).
- 有证据表明,一种基本的,非精神主义的外表可能在猿类中演变.
- 典型的口头沟通利用了基本的和精神的外表.
结论:
- 表面沟通是一个复杂的过程,涉及认知和社会期望.
- 修订后的模型提供了对跨物种和发育阶段的表面沟通的更细致的理解.
- 这个框架协调了比较心理学和人类教学理论的发现.
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