日常记忆和元认知干预:一个随机对照试验
Christopher Hertzog1, Mackenzie L Hughes2, Emily L Giannotto3
1School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
概括
日常记忆和超认知干预 (EMMI) 并没有改善老年人的日常记忆失败. 然而,它增强了记忆的自我效能,表明了改善记忆主观体验的潜力.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 在老年人中,日常记忆困难很常见.
- 超认知策略可能会增强记忆功能.
- 日常记忆和超认知干预 (EMMI) 旨在通过将认知需求的意识与战略使用联系起来来改善记忆.
研究的目的:
- 评估EMMI干预对老年人日常记忆功能和主观记忆的有效性.
- 为了比较EMMI的影响与受过记忆力策略训练的活跃对照组.
- 用生态瞬间评估来评估客观和主观记忆测量的变化.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验与EMMI和主动对照组.
- 通过智能手机应用程序进行生态瞬间评估,以追踪日常记忆失败.
- 假装测试对客观和主观记忆测量的测试后评估.
主要成果:
- 在日常记忆失败或前性记忆中,在两组之间没有发现显著差异.
- 两组都在主观记忆能力方面表现出改善.
- EMMI组在记忆自我效能方面表现出更大的改善.
- 对照组在训练后的关联记忆中表现出特定的改善.
结论:
- 在客观的日常记忆功能方面,EMMI并没有带来预期的改善.
- 这种干预措施显示出在老年人中增强主观记忆体验和自我有效性的潜力.
- 未来对EMMI的改进可能会导致日常记忆性能有所改善.
相关概念视频
01:26Metacognition
288
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
288
01:16Interference and Decay
216
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
216