与自闭症青少年心理治疗服务使用相关的社会人口因素
Jessica V Smith1, Rose Nevill2, Pamela B DeGuzman3
1Department of Human Services School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, VA, USA. hty7ds@virginia.edu.
Administration and policy in mental health
|June 3, 2025
概括
健康的社会决定因素没有影响自闭症青少年使用心理治疗. 大多数有心理健康需求的自闭症青少年没有获得服务,这表明有很大的进入障碍.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 自闭症谱系障碍 自闭症谱系障碍
背景情况:
- 自闭症青少年的同时出现的精神健康状况的比例很高,需要大量的治疗.
- 与非自闭症同龄人相比,自闭症青少年在获得心理健康服务方面存在显著差异.
- 健康的社会决定因素 (SDH) 是这些差异的潜在贡献者,但它们的作用仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究自闭症青少年中健康社会决定因素 (SDH) 和心理治疗服务利用之间的关联.
- 为了确定具有更好的SDH的自闭症年轻人是否更有可能获得心理治疗,而不是那些SDH较差的人.
主要方法:
- 利用了700名患有自闭症的青少年同时患有心理健康状况的州级保险收费索赔数据 (2019年全支付索赔数据库).
- 使用经过验证的童年机会指数评估SDH,这是社区层面因素的综合衡量标准.
- 通过存在一个或多个心理治疗CPT代码索赔来定义心理治疗服务的使用,分析保险类型和年龄的共变量.
主要成果:
- 大约70%的自闭症青少年样本没有使用任何心理治疗服务.
- 与预期相反,SDH并没有预测心理治疗的使用率;低机会和高机会组都显示出类似的低访问率.
- 年龄较大与心理治疗使用量增加有关,而医疗补助保险与使用量减少有关.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,SDH不能预测自闭症青少年的心理治疗机会,突出了超越邻里机会的系统性障碍.
- 低整体利用率表明复杂的挑战,可能包括接受医疗补助和自闭症青少年的供应商短缺.
- 需要进一步的研究和政策干预,以解决自闭症患者的这些关键心理健康服务缺口.
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