人工智能的准确性用于在转诊专科护理时的守门工作
Piter Oliveira Vergara1, Jeronimo de Conto Oliveira2, Rita Mattiello2,3
1Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
一个人工智能 (AI) 模型在优化专科护理推方面表现出中等准确性,比人类守门员表现出更高的特异性但更低的敏感性. 将人工智能与人类判断相结合,可以改善推过程.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 在医疗保健中,守门是管理转诊到专科护理的关键.
- 传统的守门员依赖于人类的评估,这可能耗时且容易变化.
- 人工智能 (AI) 提供了大量推数据的高效和准确处理的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一个人工智能模型,以提高医疗保健守门过程的准确性和效率.
- 评估人工智能模型在分类患者转诊专科护理方面的表现.
主要方法:
- 一项诊断研究利用了从初级保健到巴西各个专业的患者转诊的回顾性行政数据库 (2016年6月至2019年4月).
- 我们采用了AI模型开发和测试的两个阶段,包括评估多个AI模型,并根据一组独立的推评估表现最好的算法.
- 性能指标包括精度,灵敏度,特异性和接收器操作特征曲线 (AUC-ROC) 下的区域,两位经验丰富的医生达成共识,作为参考标准.
主要成果:
- 人工智能模型利用词嵌入和神经网络,在1750个评估推中实现了0.716 (95%CI,0.694-0.737) 的整体准确性.
- 与医生共识标准相比,该模型的特异性 (0.801) 比灵敏度 (0.542) 高.
- 个别专业的表现各不相同,风湿病理的准确度最高 (0.811),直肠病理的准确度最低 (0.649).
结论:
- 开发的AI模型显示了有效区分需要授权的转介和需要进一步信息的转介的潜力.
- 人工智能模型表现出更高的准确性和特异性,但与当前人类守门员决策相比,灵敏度较低.
- 通过将人工智能支持与人类临床判断相结合,可以实现推过程的优化.
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