反应时间,语音识别和口头记忆表现:非母语对比母语英语使用者
Zahra Jafari1,2, Hardeep Ryait3, Mohammad Habibnezhad1
1School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
概括
非母语英语使用者比母语使用者更难以处理语言和记忆任务,尤其是在杂的环境中. 背景噪音普遍影响所有学习者的听觉处理.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 以前对母语和非母语英语使用者之间的口语处理差异的研究已经产生了不一致的结果.
- 结果的差异凸显了对综合性比较研究的需求.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较非母语和母语英语使用者 (NELS) 的听觉,语音和记忆处理.
- 通过使用标准化的任务组来解决先前研究中的不一致性.
主要方法:
- 这项研究涉及70名大学生 (29名非本地,41名本地NELS),年龄在18-35岁之间.
- 参与者完成了听觉/视觉反应时间 (RT),语音识别和口头记忆任务.
- 评估是在安静和多人说话者杂噪音 (0 dB) 条件下进行的.
主要成果:
- 非母语者在句子识别和单词记忆任务中的表现明显低于母语者,无论噪音条件如何 (p < .001).
- 两组人都表现出较低的文字识别和较慢的RTs在噪音中与安静相比 (p < .001).
结论:
- 背景噪音普遍降低了听觉处理,影响RT,语音识别和记忆.
- 非母语英语学生在英语语音感知和记忆回忆方面面临更大的挑战,需要有针对性的学术支持.
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