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评估ChatGPT-4.0的诊断准确性,用于分类多模式肌肉骨质量:与人类评分器进行比较研究

Wolfram A Bosbach^1,2, Luca Schoeni^1,2, Claus Beisbart^3,4

¹Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

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概括

人工智能,特别是ChatGPT-4.0,在诊断肌肉骨瘤方面显示精度低于人类评分器. 包括二次诊断在内,提高了人工智能性能,表明它作为放射科医生的辅助工具的潜力.

科学领域:

放射学和医学成像学医学成像学
人工智能在医学中的应用
肌肉骨瘤学肌肉骨瘤学

背景情况:

人工智能 (AI) 工具为提高医疗生产率和治疗质量提供了潜力.
在复杂的医疗场景中,评估高级AI模型 (如ChatGPT-4.0) 的诊断能力至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估ChatGPT-4.0在解释多模式肌肉骨瘤病例中的准确性.
将ChatGPT-4.0的诊断性能与人类评分器进行比较.

主要方法:

使用多式成像 (X射线,CT,MRI,剪切) 的25个肌肉骨瘤病例.
聊天GPT-4.0和人类评分器分类病例,允许进行初级和二级诊断.
性能是根据诊断准确性进行评估的,功率分析证实了样本大小的充分性.

主要成果:

对于初级诊断,人类评分器的准确性明显高 (87%),高于ChatGPT-4.0 (44%).
当考虑二次诊断时,准确度差距缩小,人类评分器为94%和ChatGPT-4.0为71%.
人工智能表现较差,但当二次诊断被纳入时,表现有所改善.

结论:

聊天GPT-4.0目前在肌肉骨瘤的初级诊断中表现不佳.
包括二次诊断在内,大大提高了AI的性能,缩小了诊断差距.
尽管目前的局限性,人工智能工具显示出作为放射学工作流程中临床医生有价值的辅助系统的承诺.

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