Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

16.1K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
16.1K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

14.8K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
14.8K
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

10.2K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
10.2K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

18.0K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
18.0K
Transposons01:24

Transposons

183
Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
183
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

11.9K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.9K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Impacts of SCARB1, TYR, and TYRP1 Knockouts on Pigmentation and Metabolic Pathways in Oujiang Color Common Carp.

Animal genetics·2026
Same author

Integrative Methylome and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Epigenetic Regulation of Pigmentation in Oujiang Color Common Carp.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Black-spot linked gut microbiota shifts in Oujiang color carp: insights from TYR knockout and metabolomic integration.

Animal microbiome·2025
Same author

Specific gut microbiome's role in skin pigmentation: insights from SCARB1 mutants in Oujiang colour common carp.

Journal of applied microbiology·2024
Same author

"Omics" data unveil early molecular response underlying limb regeneration in the Chinese mitten crab, <i>Eriocheir sinensis</i>.

Science advances·2022
Same author

Integration of mRNA and miRNA Profiling Reveals Heterosis in <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> × <i>O. aureus</i> Hybrid Tilapia.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2022

相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
04:04

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.5K

对类的可转移元素进化进行比较分析.

Xiangjian Zeng1,2,3, Wenqi Zhao1,2,3, Nusrat Hasan Kanika1,2,3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shannghai, China.

Genome biology and evolution
|June 4, 2025
PubMed
概括

可转移元素 (TE) 显著影响甲动物基因组进化,推动多样性和尺寸变化. 最近的扩张和特定阶段的表达表明TE可能调节甲类动物的关键生物过程.

关键词:
这就是TEs表达式.甲类动物的基因组基因组结构 基因组结构可转移的元素可以转移.

更多相关视频

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element CRE Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster
08:19

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element CRE Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: December 19, 2011

11.9K
Ablation of a Single Cell From Eight-cell Embryos of the Amphipod Crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis
10:55

Ablation of a Single Cell From Eight-cell Embryos of the Amphipod Crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis

Published on: March 16, 2014

12.7K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
04:04

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.5K
Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element CRE Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster
08:19

Quantitative Comparison of cis-Regulatory Element CRE Activities in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: December 19, 2011

11.9K
Ablation of a Single Cell From Eight-cell Embryos of the Amphipod Crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis
10:55

Ablation of a Single Cell From Eight-cell Embryos of the Amphipod Crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis

Published on: March 16, 2014

12.7K

科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 可转移元素 (TE) 是基因组进化的关键驱动因素,影响遗传多样性,基因组大小和染色体结构.
  • 与模型生物相比,对甲类动物中TE进化的研究是有限的.

研究的目的:

  • 分析TEs对甲动物基因组结构和功能的多样性和影响.
  • 研究TEs在甲动物中的进化动态和潜在的调节作用.

主要方法:

  • 在各种甲动物物种中对TE含量的比较基因组学分析.
  • 序列分歧分析以推断TE扩张历史.
  • 遗传学信号和TE子家族的时间分析.
  • 在选定的物种中,在变阶段对TEs的基因表达分析.

主要成果:

  • 在甲类物种中,TE含量差异很大 (16.19%在Daphnia pulex,到63.36%在Procambarus clarkii).
  • 更高的TE比例与更大的基因组大小相关,这表明它在基因组扩张中的作用.
  • 证据表明至少有两个主要的TE扩张时期,最近的活动表明差异率很低.
  • 在TE类型 (TIR,LTR,SINE) 中观察到明显的进化动态,LTR和SINE元素显示一致的扩张.
  • 在Eriocheir sinensis和Penaeus vannamei中,TEs的变阶段特定表达表明它在调节变中的作用.

结论:

  • 试验生物对甲动物基因组进化有重大贡献,影响基因组大小和多样性.
  • 甲动物的基因组经历了多次TE扩张事件,并且活动仍在继续.
  • 在甲动物的生物过程中,TEs可能起到调节作用,例如变.