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相关概念视频

Root Loci for Positive-Feedback Systems01:23

Root Loci for Positive-Feedback Systems

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The Hartley oscillator is a positive feedback system that sustains oscillations by feeding the output back to the input in phase, thereby reinforcing the signal. Positive feedback systems can be viewed as negative feedback systems with inverted feedback signals. In these systems, the root locus encompasses all points on the s-plane where the angle of the system transfer function equals 360 degrees.
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Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires  maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
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Positive and negative feedback loops are crucial for regulating biological signaling systems. These feedback loops are processes that connect output signals to their inputs.
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Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
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Feedback in control systems plays a critical role in shaping various operational parameters, extending beyond simple error reduction to influence stability, bandwidth, gain, impedance, and sensitivity. Understanding these effects requires examining a basic feedback system characterized by defined input, output, error, and feedback signals.
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Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
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与CRISPRi连接的多模块负反循环解决了获胜者夺取所有资源的竞争.

Sadikshya Rijal1, Kylie Standage-Beier1, Rong Zhang1

  • 1School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85281, United States.

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概括

合成基因电路经常受到资源竞争的影响,导致获胜者获取全部 (WTA) 行为. 一个使用CRISPR干扰 (CRISPRi) 的新型负竞争性监管 (NCR) 控制器有效地抑制了WTA,增强了合成生物学电路模块化.

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科学领域:

  • 合成生物学 合成生物学
  • 基因工程是一种基因工程.
  • 系统生物学 系统生物学

背景情况:

  • 细胞资源的限制导致合成基因电路模块之间的意外相互作用,减少模块化.
  • 基因回路中的积极反可以加剧资源竞争,导致一个模块占据主导地位的获胜者获取全部 (WTA) 行为.

研究的目的:

  • 用CRISPR干扰 (CRISPRi) 来实验实施和评估一种负竞争性监管 (NCR) 控制器.
  • 评估NCR控制器在减轻双自激活和级联双可开关合成基因电路中的WTA行为方面的有效性.

主要方法:

  • 可调节的dCas9基因的染色体整合.
  • 模块特定导向RNA (gRNA) 的设计,用于通过竞争获得有限的dCas9.9进行自我抑制.
  • 在双自激活和级联双可位开关电路中实现NCR控制器.

主要成果:

  • 与没有dCas9介导抑制的控制电路相比,NCR控制器显著增加了模块的协同激活.
  • 通过NCR控制器有效地抑制了WTA行为,促进了平衡的模块激活.
  • 量化结果表明,资源从更活跃的模块转移到不那么活跃的模块,实现了成功的重新分配.

结论:

  • 负竞争性监管 (NCR) 控制器是合成基因电路中管理资源竞争的有效策略.
  • 通过减轻意想不到的相互作用和促进平衡的模块功能,NCR提高了合成基因电路的模块性.
  • 基于CRISPRi的NCR提供了一种可调节和强大的方法来提高合成基因电路的性能.