寄生虫Ganaspis hookeri的毒囊促进毒蛋白进入宿主免疫细胞
Nicholas M Bretz1,2, Chris Lark2, Sarah Perkel1
1Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|June 4, 2025
概括
寄生虫黄蜂毒液,包括免疫抑制SERCA蛋白质,通过毒液囊泡被运输到Drosophila宿主细胞中. 这些囊泡以大小,密度和电荷为特征,使免疫抑制成为可能.
科学领域:
- 昆虫免疫学 昆虫免疫学
- 寄生虫与宿主之间的相互作用
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 像Ganaspis hookeri这样的寄生虫黄蜂感染了Drosophila melanogaster幼虫.
- 寄生虫毒液抑制宿主免疫力,确保感染成功.
- SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) 是一种关键的免疫抑制毒素蛋白,但其传输机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Ganaspis hookeri毒素蛋白质进入Drosophila宿主中的运输机制.
- 描述毒素成分的生物物理性质.
- 为了确定毒液囊泡是否参与向宿主免疫细胞输送蛋白质.
主要方法:
- 电子显微镜和纳米粒子跟踪分析以识别毒液囊泡.
- 可调节的电阻脉冲传感器 (TRPS) 来描述囊泡的特性 (大小,泽塔电位,密度).
- 毒液囊泡的光标记,以追踪它们进入宿主免疫细胞的入口.
主要成果:
- 加纳斯皮斯胡克里 (Ganaspis hookeri) 的毒液含有多种类型的囊泡.
- 囊泡在尺寸,泽塔潜力和密度上有所不同.
- 观察到有光标记的毒囊进入宿主免疫细胞.
结论:
- 加纳斯皮斯虫的毒蛋白,包括SERCA,被包装在毒囊中.
- 这些囊泡是毒素输送到宿主细胞的主要机制.
- 主体免疫细胞的囊泡内化促进了免疫抑制.
相关概念视频
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
6.0K
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
6.0K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
3.4K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
3.4K
Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane
11.0K
Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
11.0K
Coat Assembly and GTPases
3.5K
Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
3.5K
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria
2.8K
Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
2.8K
Clathrin Coated Vesicles
6.9K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
6.9K


