在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的个体中,使用全血与血进行改善的HIV-1 RNA检测
Vivian I Avelino-Silva1,2,3, Mars Stone1,4, Leilani Montalvo1,4
1Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.
Journal of clinical microbiology
|June 4, 2025
概括
使用全血 (WB) 进行HIV-1RNA测试,与血相比,可显著改善治疗个体的检测. 这种增强的检测能力对于准确的HIV诊断和监测至关重要,特别是在早期治疗或PrEP使用的情况下.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 临床诊断 临床诊断 临床诊断
背景情况:
- 目前的HIV-1核酸测试 (NAT) 主要使用血,在细胞组件中可能缺少病毒RNA.
- 全血 (WB) 检测,包括血和细胞元素,可以提供更好的HIV-1RNA检测能力.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估与血相比,WB中的HIV-1RNA检测抑制.
- 评估HIV-1RNA检测能力的特异性和潜在增强,使用WB.
- 在各种HIV-1感染和治疗场景中调查WB测试的实用性.
主要方法:
- 利用来自献血者和艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的配对WB/血面板.
- 包括的样本,NAT-/血清学-,NAT+/血清学+和NAT-/血清学+献血者样本.
- 分析了PWH在慢性和急性/早期感染阶段开始的抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 的样本.
主要成果:
- WB显示了适度的检测抑制,但在ART上显著增加了PWH中的HIV-1RNA检测能力 (92%在WB和24%在慢性发病的血中;16%在WB和10%在急性/早期发病的血中).
- 在WB和血中检测能力与NAT-/血清学+献血者相似.
- 在对100名NAT/血清学献血者的WB测试中观察到一个错误的阳性结果.
结论:
- 全血检测提高了HIV-1RNA的检测能力,与PWH发起ART的血相比,除了可能在最早的感染阶段.
- 改进的检测能力支持艾滋病毒诊断的个人与麻木的血清反应和辅助监测治疗研究或 PrEP 用户.
- WB测试显示了改善献血查灵敏度和艾滋病毒-1感染的临床管理的潜力.
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