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Updated: Sep 19, 2025

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艾滋病毒中的大脑健康:病原,分类和治疗
Kathryn B Holroyd1, Alan Winston2, Sam Nightingale3
1Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Current opinion in neurology
|June 4, 2025
概括
艾滋病毒感染者的认知障碍需要更新诊断标准,重点关注与艾滋病毒相关的脑损伤和其他因素. 在40岁以上的人群中,早期使用他类药物可以预防老年艾滋病患者的脑血管疾病.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒是一种神经向病毒,它迅速建立了中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的储存库.
- 艾滋病毒感染者的老龄化人口面临越来越多的非传染性后果,包括认知障碍和脑血管疾病.
研究的目的:
- 为艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 提供有关大脑健康和认知功能的最新信息.
- 专注于艾滋病毒相关的神经并发症的发病,分类和治疗.
- 解决老龄化中的认知和脑血管健康的不断变化的局面 PLWH.
主要方法:
- 关于艾滋病毒和中枢神经系统的当前文献的综述.
- 对艾滋病毒相关神经认知障碍 (HAND) 的诊断标准的分析.
- 在PLWH中评估心血管风险评估和中风分类的评估.
- 对中枢神经系统艾滋病毒感染和相关疾病的治疗策略的评估.
主要成果:
- 现有的HAND标准高估了认知障碍的患病率,应该被更广泛的HIV相关脑损伤概念所取代.
- 心血管风险计算器低估了PLWH的风险,因此需要考虑对所有40岁以上的PLWH进行他类药物治疗,以预防脑血管疾病.
- 脑脊液 (CSF) 脱离HIVRNA是一种可治疗的神经症状进展的原因,需要基于基因型耐药性的向治疗.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒感染早期影响中枢神经系统,形成了一个持久的储存库.
- 认知障碍和脑血管疾病的多因素原因必须在老化PLWH中解决.
- 未来的艾滋病毒治愈策略必须考虑并克服中枢神经系统艾滋病毒储存所带来的挑战.
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