意大利癌症发病率和死亡率的趋势,2013-2017年
Viviana Perotti1, Andrea Tittarelli1, Paolo Contiero2
1Cancer Registry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Cancer epidemiology
|June 4, 2025
概括
意大利男性的癌症发病率正在下降,但在女性中稳定,肺癌和结直肠癌的发病率显著下降. 在意大利,所有癌症的死亡率在两性之间都在持续下降.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 癌症发病率和死亡率趋势是主要的公共卫生指标.
- 了解短期趋势对于有效的卫生政策和资源分配至关重要.
- 最近 (2013-2017) 关于意大利癌症趋势的数据提供了有价值的见解.
研究的目的:
- 分析意大利近期 (2013-2017) 短期癌症发病率和死亡率趋势.
- 为了检查癌症部位,性别,年龄组和地理区域的趋势.
- 确定影响观察到的癌症趋势的潜在因素.
主要方法:
- 对覆盖80%意大利人口的癌症发病率和死亡率数据的分析.
- 应用结点回归模型来识别重大趋势.
- 根据性别,年龄组和地理区域 (北方,南方,岛屿) 的数据分层.
主要成果:
- 意大利男性的整体癌症发病率显著下降 (-1.9%/年),肺,肝脏,胃,结肠直肠,前列腺和白血病的显著下降.
- 在男性中,皮肤黑色素瘤的发病率显著增加 (+5.2%/年).
- 在女性中,总体癌症发病率保持稳定,区域差异较大 (北方下降,南方/岛屿增加). 女性肺癌发病率增加 (+2.3%/年),皮肤黑色素瘤增加 (+6.0%/年).
- 在所有地区和年龄组,癌症死亡率在两种性别中都稳步下降 (男性为-1.8%/年,女性为-0.6%/年).
- 趋势可能反映生活方式因素 (烟草),查计划 (结肠直肠,前列腺) 和其他公共卫生干预措施.
结论:
- 意大利的癌症死亡率正在下降,这表明公共卫生战略的有效性.
- 性别和地区之间发病率的不同趋势凸显了针对性预防和早期检测工作的必要性.
- 对风险因素,查有效性和向治疗的进一步研究是有必要的,以解决特定的癌症类型和人群.
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