在T2DM中海马亚区域的宏观和微观结构变化:NODDI为DTI和体积分析提供了附加值
Xuan Huang1, Ziyu Diao1, Die Shen1
1The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Brain research bulletin
|June 4, 2025
概括
2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 导致海马体亚区域的大脑发生变化. 神经元定向分散和密度成像 (NODDI) 能够有效地检测这些微观结构变化,这些变化与认知功能相关.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 神经学 神经学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 与认知能力下降和大脑结构变化有关.
- 海马特别容易受到T2DM相关的神经病理的影响.
- 了解这些变化对于制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查T2DM患者海马体亚区域的宏观结构和微观结构变化.
- 为了比较神经元导向分散和密度成像 (NODDI) 与扩散张力成像 (DTI) 和体积分析在检测这些变化的有效性.
- 探索微观结构指数和认知表现之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 对128名T2DM患者和174名健康对照进行了3.0-T MRI和神经心理评估.
- 使用FreeSurfer和SPM进行细分和注册,分析了海马的子区域.
- 使用DTI和NODDI技术来评估微结构完整性.
主要成果:
- T2DM患者在海马体子区域表现出显著的微观结构变化.
- 在约70%的子区域中,NODDI检测到异常,显示神经质密度指数 (NDI),方向分散指数 (ODI) 和自由水分数 (FWF) 的增加.
- 海马-桃体过渡区域 (HATA) 对微观结构变化高度敏感;NDI和FWF与认知表现相关.
结论:
- T2DM与海马体的显著微观结构变化有关,特别是在HATA区域.
- NODDI在检测T2DM中微妙的海马体变化方面表现出卓越的灵敏度.
- 这些发现为T2DM相关的大脑变化和潜在的成像生物标志物提供了宝贵的见解.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction
Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations
Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...


