一个世纪以来,来自银矿的尾矿迁移减少了北极盾湖的生物多样性
Branaavan Sivarajah1, Dale D Sprague2, Drake Hyden2
1Department of Geography and Environmental Studies and Institute for Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Geography and Environment, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|June 4, 2025
概括
在安大略省科巴尔特的银矿开采污染了附近的湖泊的金属化物.古生态毒理学发现,矿山废物通过溪流进入伊布森池,损害了水生生物多样性和生态系统.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 古代气候学是一种古气候学.
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 20世纪初,安大略省的银热导致了矿山废物对周围生态系统的广泛污染.
- 伊布森池,虽然不是直接的尾矿现场,但显示金属化物水平较高,这表明矿山废物通过连接流间接污染.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定矿山尾矿迁移到伊布森池的时间.
- 通过古生态毒理学方法,评估这种污染对水生生物多样性的影响.
主要方法:
- 沉积物核心的地球化学分析,以追踪金属度和有机含量随着时间的推移.
- 计算可能影响的度系数 (PEC-Q),以评估沉积物的毒性.
- 对藻 (Bacillariophyceae) 和藻 (Branchiopoda) 的化石组合进行分析,以重建过去的水生社区.
主要成果:
- 地化学数据显示,伊布森池大约在1910年至1940年间发生了污染事件,与该地区银矿开采的高峰期相吻合.
- 用PEC-Q值大于2表示的沉积物毒性证实了有害污染物水平的存在.
- 在藻和藻群中观察到沿海种类和整体生物多样性的显著下降 (希尔的N2多样性).
结论:
- 通过溪流流入的矿山废物迁移是废弃矿山附近以前未被污染的湖泊的重要污染途径.
- 这种污染严重损害了伊布森池的水生生物多样性,影响了多个食物营养水平.
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