心理注射在社交媒体料中对错误信息的有效性有限
Sze Yuh Nina Wang1, Samantha C Phillips2, Kathleen M Carley2
1Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
PNAS nexus
|June 5, 2025
概括
心理注射有助于人们发现在线错误信息中的情绪操纵. 然而,当现实世界的内容或其他操纵策略存在时,这种效应会减弱.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 媒体研究 媒体研究
- 信息科学 信息科学 信息科学
背景情况:
- 心理注射是一种通过教导用户识别操纵技术来打击错误信息的方法.
- 情感上的吸引力在网上错误信息中普遍存在,并显著影响用户的注意力和参与度.
- 接种在现实世界中的有效性,自发检测和脱离仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究情感语言和免疫对模拟社交媒体环境中的注意力和参与度的影响.
- 为了确定心理注射对情绪操纵是否转化为减少参与这种内容在现实的在线设置.
主要方法:
- 五项预先注册的研究使用模拟的社交媒体料进行.
- 参与者接触到各种合成和真实社交媒体内容的组合,包括情绪操纵和其他形式的错误信息.
- 测量了注意力和参与度指标,以评估接种疫苗的影响.
主要成果:
- 针对情绪操纵的注射只会减少对充满情绪的内容的参与,如果料仅含有专门为任务设计的合成材料.
- 真正的社交媒体帖子或使用其他操纵技术 (例如,ad hominem攻击) 的合成帖子的存在否定了接种效应.
- 干预措施在模仿真实世界的社交媒体料的生态有效环境中显示出有限的有效性.
结论:
- 对错误信息的心理免疫的有效性高度依赖于背景.
- 在生态有效的环境中评估干预措施对于理解它们在现实世界的适用性和影响至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该在设计和评估错误信息对策时考虑现实世界的社交媒体环境的复杂性.
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